空中核爆炸电离效应的数值模拟

根据电离平衡方程组和射线在大气中的能量沉积方程，在完善中性大气层模型基础上，通过数值模拟方法得到了空间核爆炸电离效应的时空分布.数值分析结果表明：低空核爆炸产生的自由电子的密度最大值要高于高空核爆炸；对于瞬发核辐射的影响，低空核爆炸和高空核爆炸有着显著的差异；而缓发核辐射的持续时间、影响范围，高空核爆炸情况要大于低空核爆炸. 关键词： 核爆炸 低空 高空 电离效应

Numerical simulation of the ionization effects of low-and high-altitude nuclear explosions

Low-altitude and high-altitude nuclear explosions are sources of intensive additional ionization in ionosphere. In this paper, in terms of the ionization equilibrium equation system and the equation of energy deposition of radiation in atmosphere, and considering the influence of atmosphere, the temporal and spacial distribution of ionization effects caused by atmospheric nuclear detonation are investigated. The calculated results show that the maximum of additional free electron density produced by low-altitude nuclear explosion is greater than that by the high-altitude nuclear burst. As to the influence of instant nuclear radiation, there is obvious difference between the low-altitude and the high-altitude explosions. The influence range and the continuance time caused by delayed nuclear radiation is less for the low-altitude nuclear detonation than that for the high-altitude one.