Tangential flow streaming potential measurements: Hydrodynamic cell characterization and zeta potentials of carboxylated polysulfone membranes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Essen45141 EssenGermany;2. Institute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, National Research Council of CanadaOttawa, Ont.Canada K1A 0R6;1. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia;3. Membrane and Environmental Technologies Laboratory, School of Biotechnology and DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;4. Chemistry Department, College of Arts & Science-Wadi Al-dawaser, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia;5. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt;1. School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China;2. Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China;1. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, La Plata, Argentina;2. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 METIS, Paris, France;1. Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan;2. Performance Polymers, BASF SE, PMD/GS-B001, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany;3. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, 32023, Taiwan;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan;5. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 10607, Taiwan;6. Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585 Singapore;1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiading Campus, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China |
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| Abstract: | Computational fluid dynamics calculations were carried out to ensure that a self-made tangential flow mode streaming potential measurement cell meets the hydrodynamic stipulations of laminar, steady and established electrolyte flow necessary for reproducible electrokinetic measurements. The calculations show that the cell design meets all of these conditions.Six carboxylated polysulfones with a range of different degrees of substitution (DS) from 0.26 to 1.74 carboxyl groups per polymer repeat unit were synthesized in a two-stage process of lithiation and carboxylation. Ultrafiltration membranes were made from both the unmodified polysulfone and these hydrophilic materials. The zeta potentials of these membrane surfaces were determined in 0.001 M KCl solution as a function of pH. The curves show the theoretically expected profiles for non-ionic and weakly acidic materials. The growing influence of the COOH dissociation on the surface charge formation is indicated by the flattening of the curves at low pH values. The magnitude of the negative zeta potentials plateau values ranged from −52 to −20 mV. While unmodified PSU has a plateau value of −52 mV this value decreases continuously with increasing DS to −20 mV for the PSU-COOH 1.74 material. It is suggested that this arises from a shift of the electrokinetic shear plane into the bulk electrolyte solution due to an extended swelling layer reflecting the enhanced hydrophilicity of these membrane surfaces. |
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