锕系元素在熔盐体系中的电化学及萃取特性研究进展

熔融盐是一类非水溶剂,分为高温熔盐、室温熔盐和低温熔盐。 作为反应介质和电解介质,因其优良性能,可以溶解很多难溶于水的活泼金属。 近年来,该领域的研究热点是将熔盐作为干法后处理的电解质分离和回收锕系元素。 本文综述了锕系元素在高温熔盐中的电化学行为、热力学等物理特性,介绍了近几年室温离子液体(RTILs)的研究进展及锕系元素在RTILs中萃取特性的最新研究成果,展望了熔盐体系未来的研究方向。

Research Progress of Electrochemical and Extractible Characteristics of Actinide Elements in the Molten Salt System

Molten salts are non-aqueous solvents which are divided into high temperature molten salts, low temperature molten salts and room temperature molten salts. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, they are used as the reaction and electrolytic media to electrodeposit the active metal coatings that can not be obtained in aqueous solution. In recent years, the research hot spot in the field of molten electrochemistry is that it is applicable in non-aqueous reprocessing by substituting caustic molten salts for electro-deposition and separation of actinide metal ions. This article reviews the properties of actinide elements in electrochemistry, thermodynamics and physics in high temperature molten salt. The recent research progress of room temperature ionic liquids and the latest extraction advancement of actinide elements in room temperature ionic liquids are introduced. The future research trend in molten system is also given.