Predicting electrophoretic mobility of beta-blockers in a water-methanol based electrolyte system

Summary Applicability of a mathematical model to predict the electrophoretic mobility of structurally related analyses is shown using generated mobility data for beta-blockers in a mixed aqueousmethanolic buffer. The mobilities of atenolol, alprenolol, labetalol and metoprolol in binary mixed solvent buffers containing different concentrations of methanol have been employed to train the model. Then the mobilities of propranolol, timolol and acebutalol have been predicted using the trained model. The produced mean prediction errors employing two and one experimental data points for three beta-blockers are 1.6 and 2.8%, respectively, which is easily within experimental uncertainty.     

Physicochemical characterization of ion-exchange membranes in water-methanol mixtures

A complete physicochemical characterization of two ion-exchange membranes—CM2 and Nafion^®117—used in electrodialysis and in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) has been carried out. For each membrane, in different methanol-water mixtures—0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%—and at different temperatures (25.0; 40.0 et 55.0 °C), we have measured the variations of the geometrical dimensions, the proton electrical conductivity, the swelling rate and the amount of methanol in the membrane. The FTIR analysis of Nafion^®117 was performed at different methanol contents of the external solution.The results show that the CM2 membrane presents the best geometrical stability, and the lowest conductivity at any methanol content. At high methanol contents, Nafion^®117 is 10 times more conductive than the CM2 membrane. It was found that the methanol is absorbed more by Nafion^®117, and its effect is more noticeable on the microstructure of this membrane, under standard conditions. The high methanol permeability of these membranes, particularly of the Nafion^®117, induces bad cell efficiencies and lifetimes.     

水-甲醇混合体系的超分子复合作用

采用芘作为荧光探针研究了全组成范围水-甲醇混合溶剂的复合结构. 结果表明, 芘探针的极性标尺(I1/I3)随体系中甲醇摩尔分数(xm)的增加呈下降趋势, 其下降速度对xm变化范围具有明显依赖性, 而芘荧光相对量子产率的变化曲线在xm=0.18处呈现出一奇异的极大值. 这些结果揭示了在0.18相似文献   

Probing the Liquid-State Structure and Dynamics of Aqueous Solutions by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy of the solvent-sensitive molecule 1,8-anilinonaphthalene sulfonate (ANS) is used to probe the structure and dynamics of an aqueous methanol solution (mole fraction = 0.5). The intensity decay of ANS in the mixed solvent displays single exponential kinetics under ambient conditions. At low temperature, a simple two-state solvent relaxation model describes the fluorescence decay for ANS in both methanol and the mixed solvent. The temperature dependence of ANS fluorescence in the mixed solvent is attributed to the onset of glassy dynamics in the aqueous component at higher temperature, implying a partial demixing of the water and methanol due to self-association. We discuss the absence of more complicated fluorescence decays in such a heterogeneous solvent system.     

近红外光谱研究水与甲醇混合溶液的氢键作用

对于浓度为0～100wt％(浓度间隔为5wt％)的水-甲醇混合溶液的近红外光谱,通过分析OH组合谱带和倍频谱带随浓度的变化,探索了水-醇溶液中的氢键作用。由于OH谱带在近红外区域重叠比较严重,采用了不同的光谱分析方法——二阶导数、主成分分析和二维相关分析来提高光谱分辨率,进而达到从水-甲醇溶液的近红外光谱获取有用信息的目的。定性地阐述了水-醇混合溶液中的水和醇之间通过氢键的可能结合方式,为探索水-醇混合溶液中的氢键作用提供了一种新的可能性。