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1.
Rechargeable Mg batteries (RMBs) are advantageous large-scale energy-storage devices because of the high abundance and high safety, but exploring high-performance cathodes remains the largest difficulty for their development. Compared with oxides and sulfides, selenides show better Mg-storage performance because the weaker interaction with the Mg2+ cation favors fast kinetics. Herein, nanorod-like FeSe2 was synthesized and investigated as a cathode for RMBs. Compared with microspheres and microparticles, nanorods exhibit higher capacity and better rate capability with a smaller particle size. The FeSe2 nanorods show a high capacity of 191 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and a good rate performance of 39 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1. Ex situ characterizations demonstrate the Mg2+ intercalation mechanism for FeSe2, and a slight conversion reaction occurs on the surface of the particles. The capacity fading is mainly because of the dissolution of Fe2+, which is caused by the reaction between Fe2+ and Cl of the electrolyte during the charge process on the surface of the particles. The surface of FeSe2 is mainly selenium after long cycling, which may also dissolve in the electrolyte during cycling. The present work develops a new type of Mg2+ intercalation cathode for RMBs. More importantly, the fading mechanism revealed herein has considered the specificity of Mg battery electrolyte and would assist a better understanding of selenide cathodes for RMBs.  相似文献   
2.
王璐薇  张方辉 《发光学报》2015,36(12):1422-1426
采用Ca/Al/Mg合金作为器件的阴极,基于红绿/蓝双发光层制作了6种白色磷光OLED器件,器件结构为ITO/MoO3 (30 nm)/NPB (40 nm)/mCP:Firpic (8%,40 nm)/CBP:R-4B (2%):Ir(ppy)3 (14%,5 nm)/TPBi (10 nm)/Alq3(40 nm)/Ca:Al:Mg (x%,100 nm) (x=0,5,10,15,20,25)。通过改变Mg的掺杂比例,研究了不同比例的Ca/Al/Mg合金阴极对器件性能的影响。结果表明:Mg质量分数为15%的Ca/Al/Mg阴极具有良好的电子注入特性,有效改善了器件的发光特性,最大发光亮度可达1 504 cd/m2,效率达到最大值14.3 cd/A,色坐标接近(0.46, 0.42)。  相似文献   
3.
Structural and optical properties of 1 at % Al-doped Zn1−xMgxO (x=0–8%) powders prepared by sol–gel method were systematically investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible absorbance measurement, photoluminescence and Raman scattering spectra. All the powders retained the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. The band gap and near band emission energies determined from absorbance and photoluminescence spectra increased linearly with increasing Mg content, respectively, which implied that the Mg worked effectively on ZnO band gap engineering, irrespective of Al codoping. However, according to the PL and Raman scattering studies, for the sample of x=8%, the Al doping efficiency was decreased by higher Mg codoping. On the other hand, the effect of Mg codoping on photocatalytic degradation of methylene orange was explored experimentally. The substitution of Mg ions at Zn sites shifted the conduction band toward higher energies and then enhanced the photocatalytic activity, while the incorporation of interstitial Mg ions and decreased Al doping efficiency for higher Mg doping sample (x=8%) reduced the photocatalytic activity.  相似文献   
4.
《Current Applied Physics》2015,15(3):383-388
(Zn,Mg)O (ZMO) buffer layer has attracted attention for having the potential to control the conduction band offset of buffer layer and large band-gap (Eg) Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) absorber interface, where the ZMO layer is deposited by the sputtering. However, the solar cell efficiency is decreased with the ZMO layer as compared with the CdS layer. The decrease in conversion efficiency is attributed to the sputtering damage on the absorber and high light reflection from the surfaces of CZTSSe solar cells. To completely suppress the damage, a CdS layer with very thin thickness of 20 nm is inserted between the ZMO layer and the CZTSSe layer. In addition, MgF2 layers are deposited on CZTSSe solar cells as anti-reflection coating. Ultimately, the solar cell with multi-buffer layer of ZMO/thin-CdS is almost same level as that with the CdS layer. Therefore, the multi-buffer layer can be an appropriate buffer layer of the large-Eg CZTSSe layer.  相似文献   
5.
采用了密度泛函理论中的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法,在6-31G*基组水平上对[Mg(BH_4)_2]_n(n=1-3)团簇的结构进行了优化,几何结构优化时自旋多重度取了1、3、5等多种情况进行计算.最后对最稳定结构的振动特性、成键特性、电荷特性和稳定性等进行了研究.结论表明:团簇最稳定结构易形成链状结构,其中Mg-B键长为0.210~0.253 nm,-BH_4基中靠近Mg原子处的B-H键长约为0.125 nm、远离Mg原子处的B-H键长为0.119 nm.对比团簇和晶体的光谱结构表明,-BH_4基在团簇和晶体中结构基本一致. Mg原子的自然电荷在1.687~1.757e之间,B原子的自然电荷在-0.702~-0.788e之间,H原子基本不参与电荷转移,其自然电荷在-0.094~0.070e之间.团簇中Mg原子和-BH_4基之间相互作用呈现较强的离子性,Mg(BH_4)_2团簇具有相对较高的动力学稳定性.  相似文献   
6.
Carbon dots (CDs), as an emerging fluorescent nanomaterial with low toxicity, has been widely applied in various bio‐related fields. However, investigations on their capabilities in guiding osteogenic differentiation are rarely seen, which has great significance in osteoporosis therapy and bone regeneration. Herein, for the first time, a new kind of Mg2+‐doped CDs is facilely synthesized through a one‐step hydrothermal method from metal gluconate salts. The CDs can serve as nanocarrier of Mg2+ ions entering into cells, and the bioessential metal ions subsequently stimulate osteoblastic differentiation by improving alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and upregulation related mRNA expression. Noteworthy, the raw material has almost negligible performance on osteoblastic differentiation compared to Mg‐CDs, which is due to the ultrasmall sizes of CDs and the efficient uptake by cells. Moreover, benefitting from the fluorescence properties, Mg‐CDs can also be applied as cell labeling agents. This work proposes a new strategy to synthesize multifunctional metal ion‐doped CDs, which might had great potential in serving as promising nanodrugs for bone loss therapy.  相似文献   
7.
养分亏缺是作物产量和质量提升的重要限制因子。我国砖红壤植胶区钾、镁缺乏及其低的有效性长期制约天然橡胶的产、质量。以“热研7-33-97”橡胶幼苗为研究对象,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对钾、镁胁迫下橡胶树叶片物质组成特征进行研究,分析不同钾、镁胁迫条件下叶片红外光谱图谱特征峰的变化及其差异,探讨钾、镁胁迫对叶片物质成分和结构的影响,以期为钾镁缺乏影响橡胶树生长与生理代谢的机理研究提供参考。结果表明:(1)缺钾条件下,1 554,1 519和1 075 cm-1处的吸收峰缺失,表明橡胶叶片中蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带、酚类物质、碳水化合物的化学结构受到破坏,并且其他特征峰吸光度与正常处理相比均有不同程度的升高,表明缺钾造成蛋白质、碳水化合物等物质在叶片中大量积累,物质转运效率降低;(2)缺镁条件下,1 554 cm-1处吸收峰向高频方向位移了6 cm-1,说明缺镁造成蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带的结构发生改变,同时,1 550~1 350 cm-1波数范围内吸收峰相对吸光度明显下降,说明缺镁降低了细胞壁多糖以及含油脂化合物的含量,且该波数范围内的三个吸收峰较其他吸收峰变化敏感,表明该波段可以较好地指示橡胶叶片镁营养状况;(3)钾镁同时缺乏条件下,各吸收峰的相对吸光度和强度明显减弱,1 554,1 519和1 075 cm-1处的吸收峰缺失,说明蛋白质酰胺Ⅱ带、酚类物质、碳水化合物的化学结构受到破坏,1 057 cm-1处吸收峰向高频方向位移了11 cm-1,表明橡胶叶片中果胶类多糖分子结构发生了变化。综上所述,缺钾造成橡胶叶片蛋白质、糖类物质的含量的大量积累,缺镁造成叶片细胞壁多糖和油脂化合物下降,而钾镁同时缺乏时蛋白质、脂类、糖类物质等物质含量均明显下降。研究表明,使用FTIR技术对养分缺乏下的橡胶叶片物质成分定性分析具有一定的可行性,同时可为橡胶钾、镁营养生理代谢的机制研究提供新的思路和方法。  相似文献   
8.
ZHS@ Mg‐Al‐LDH and ZHS@α‐ZrP hybrid materials were prepared by electrostatically loading zinc hydroxystannate (ZHS) on the layered compounds (Mg‐Al‐LDH and α‐ZrP) in this work. With the addition of 2 wt% of the two hybrid materials to epoxy resin (EP), respectively, the fire hazard of EP and its composites were investigated. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of ZHS@ Mg‐Al‐LDH/EP composite increased by 19.0% compared with pure EP, while its peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release rate (THR), and peak smoke release rate (SPR) decreased by 48.2%, 20.8%, and 21.6%, respectively, evidenced by the results of the LOI test and cone calorimetry test (CCT). The LOI of ZHS@α‐ZrP/EP composite increased by 20.4%, and its PHRR, THR, and SPR decreased by 47.7%, 21.4%, and 27.1%, respectively. Both hybrid materials showed prominent flame retardant and smoke suppressing properties. In addition, through the analysis of the TG‐IR and Raman spectrum of residual char, the specific mechanism of flame retardance and smoke suppression was explored.  相似文献   
9.
吴玥  刘兴泉  张峥  赵红远 《物理化学学报》2015,30(12):2283-2290
以氢氧化锂、乙酸锰、硝酸镁和钛酸丁酯为原料, 以柠檬酸为螯合剂, 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二价镁离子与四价钛离子等摩尔共掺杂的尖晶石型锂离子电池正极材料LiMn1.9Mg0.05Ti0.05O4. 采用热重分析(TGA), X射线衍射(XRD), 扫描电子显微镜(SEM), 透射电子显微镜(TEM)和电化学性能测试(包括循环伏安(CV)和电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)测试)对所得样品的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行了表征. 结果表明: 780℃下煅烧12 h 得到了颗粒均匀细小的尖晶石型结构的LiMn1.9Mg0.05Ti0.05O4材料, 该材料具有良好的电化学性能, 在室温下以0.5C倍率充放电, 在4.35-3.30 V电位范围内放电比容量达到126.8 mAh·g-1, 循环50 次后放电比容量仍为118.5mAh·g-1, 容量保持率为93.5%. 在55℃高温下循环30次后的放电比容量为111.9 mAh·g-1, 容量保持率达到91.9%, 远远高于未掺杂的LiMn2O4的容量保存率. 二价镁离子与四价钛离子等摩尔共掺杂LiMn2O4, 改善了尖晶石锰酸锂的电子导电和离子导电性能, 使其倍率性能和高温性能都得到了明显的提高.  相似文献   
10.
Physical exfoliation of layered precursors is one of the most prevailing techniques to prepare two‐dimensional (2D) crystals, which, however, is considered to be intrinsically inapplicable to non‐layered bulks. Now, plane cleavage differentiation is identified in metallic magnesium at cryogenic temperature (CT), and a cryogenic exfoliation strategy of non‐layered magnesium into 2D crystals is developed. The cleavage anisotropy of the Mg lattice in response to the external mechanical stress originates from the CT‐induced specific inactivation of basal slip, which results in the basal cleavage perpendicular to c axis. The exfoliated novel 2D Mg crystals exhibit remarkable localized surface plasmon resonances, holding great promise for the applications in harvesting and converting solar energy. Beyond creating a new member for the burgeoning 2D family, this study may provide a useful tool for the physical exfoliations of various non‐layered materials.  相似文献   
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