一种超声速运动目标的被动声定位算法

超声速运动目标在空气中飞行时产生激波，本文利用激波到达时间，提出了一种基于波前方向矢量的算法，确定目标的速率和位置。最后，通过对三站均匀圆阵的估计精度的分析计算，讨论了该算法的有效性。  

Studies of sound transmission in various types of stored grain for acoustic detection of insects

In developing passive acoustic systems for detecting insect infestations in bulk-stored grain, it is advantageous to understand the transmission of sound in the grain between the insects and the sensors. In the work presented here grain is shown to be a strong acoustical absorber, the attenuation coefficient increasing roughly as the square root of the frequency. Tests with soft wheat immersed in three different gases: air, argon and carbon dioxide, support an earlier conclusion that sound is transmitted principally through the gas in the passageways between the grain kernels. The speed of sound and the attenuation coefficient were measured as a function of frequency for six different types of grain: hard and soft wheat, brown rice, soybeans, corn and sorghum. It was determined that sound is transmitted over longer distances in grains with a larger inter-kernel spacing, such as corn and soybeans. Grain depth, up to several meters, appears to have little effect on sound transmission.  

A new method for determining hydrodynamic effects on the collision of two spheres

A sphere falling in a fluid may collide with another sphere falling more slowly if, when the spheres are far apart vertically, the horizontal distance between their centers is less than or equal to a critical radius. Accurate prediction of aerosol particle coagulation requires a good understanding of this process. Previously reported optical techniques for measuring hydrodynamic effects on this phenomenon have inherent difficulties detecting grazing collisions and hence in determining the critical radius. In this work, a novel detection technique is demonstrated and it is shown that the critical radius may be determined from the sound generated by the collision of two spheres in a viscous liquid. The technique is shown to provide a more precise and decisive indication of when hard spheres collide.  

一种超声速运动目标的被动声定位算法

超声速运动目标在空气中飞行时产生激波，本文利用激波到达时间，提出了一种基于波前方向矢量的算法，确定目标的速度和位置。最后，通过对三站均匀圆阵的估计精度的分析计算，讨论了该算法的有效性．  

直升机声测设备探测距离估计方法

直升机声测设备用于探测低空飞行的直升机,探测距离是其关键性能。为了精确测定探测距离,可以运用探测结果与机载数据综合分析的方法。此种方法需要较多人员和其它设备,包括机载设备,在设备研制的初期较繁琐。本文提出了一种简便的直升机声测设备探测距离估计方法,此方法不需要使用机载设备,对直升机飞行基本无约束,通过对大量实测数据处理,针对某直升机声测设备该方法的平均误差在7%以内。  

炉内管道泄漏声检测与定位系统的研究现状

电站锅炉管道泄漏的声检测与定位系统,已经越来越广泛地应用于电站锅炉。该系统主要利用声学技术检测炉内管道的泄漏状态,并利用多传声器定位机理对泄漏点进行定位,有效地减少了由管道泄漏引起的非计划停炉,这对电站锅炉来说意义尤为重要。本文分析了炉内管道泄漏声检测与定位系统的关键技术,介绍了该系统的发展概况及应用现状,并提出了改进方向。  

水下运动声源的方位方差检测方法

为了提高对水下运动目标的检测能力,利用水下目标辐射信号与海洋环境噪声在空间分布特性上的差异,提出了一种方位方差检测方法。该方法采用时延估计法估计目标方位,对方位求方差以获得检验统计量。采用奈曼-皮尔逊准则,推导了该方法的检测概率关系式,得出了检测性能与信噪比关系曲线,并与宽带能量检测方法进行了比较,表明该方法的性能远优于宽带能量检测方法。理论分析和海上试验结果都验证了该方法的有效性。