染料敏化太阳能电池载流子传输的数值模拟

由于在染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cell, DSSC)中存在染料弛豫、半导体薄膜中电子与氧化态染料分子发生反应和电子在电解质中与氧化态离子复合等不利反应,利用一个更完善的DSSC载流子传输模型对电池的光电性能进行模拟就显得非常重要。为此,本文基于由多重俘获理论建立的DSSC中的包括电子、染料阳离子、碘化物和三碘化物在内的载流子传输模型,数值模拟得到了不同TiO₂薄膜厚度、不同入射光强度与不同染料分子吸收系数下DSSC的J-V曲线。结果表明,随着TiO₂薄膜厚度的增加,太阳能电池的短路电流密度增大,开路电压减小,光电转换效率先增大后减小。当DSSC的TiO₂薄膜厚度为20 μm时,光电转换效率达到最大值7.41%,同时光电转换效率随入射光强度与染料分子吸收系数的增大均有一定程度提高,其中在吸收系数为4 500 cm^-1时,光电转换效率为6.73%。以上结果可以为改进DSSC的光电性能提供理论指导。     

水热法合成Ag-In-Zn-S绿色四元量子点 及其荧光性能研究

以无机金属盐为原料、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和柠檬酸钠(SC)为配体,通过水热法制备了AIZS量子点.系统研究了pH值、Ag/In比例、Ag/Zn比例对AIZS量子点的合成及其荧光性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱以及光致发光光谱分别对样品的结构、形貌和荧光性能进行了表征.实验结果表明,通过水热法可以制备出具有优异荧光性能的AIZS四元绿色量子点.随着pH值的增加(pH值=7～9),配体GSH和SC有效地钝化了AIZS量子点的表面缺陷,显著提高了其荧光强度.当Ag/In比例为1∶1～1∶11范围内,量子点发光峰的中心位置覆盖632.1 nm～588.9 nm;当Ag/In=1∶7时,AIZS量子点的量子产率高达27.3%.此外,随着Ag/Zn比例从1∶0.5减小至1∶3.0,量子点的合金化效应逐渐增强,使其发光峰位从604.1 nm蓝移至581.5 nm;当Ag/Zn=1∶1.5时,AIZS量子点的发光强度达到最大值,量子产率进一步提升至35.3%,说明Zn~(2+)的引入具有稳定AIZS量子点的晶格以及抑制非辐射复合效应的作用,从而显著提高量子点的荧光性能.在200 mA的电流驱动下,AIZS量子点基白光LED的光效可达60.8 lm/W,显色指数高达80.1,色坐标为(0.29,0.35),说明AIZS四元量子点在照明领域具有良好的应用前景.     

Investigations of ionization-induced injection of laser wake field acceleration using phenomenological model

We develop a phenomenological model to investigate dynamics of ionization-induced injection. In the ＂bubble＂ regime of laser wakefield acceleration （LWFA）, it is found that there is an upper limit for laser intensity of ionization-induced injection. In the plane perpendicular to the laser polarization, when the laser pulse is linearly polarized, ionization-induced injected electrons exhibit a filamented structure and semi-coherent betatron oscillation.     

硫脲修饰Cd掺杂ZnO水溶性量子点的制备及表征

在非水稀溶液中以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30为稳定剂,硫脲为表面修饰剂,制备Cd掺杂ZnO水溶性量子点荧光体;同时研究了基质的优化及硫脲含量对ZnO量子点发光性能的影响,Eu和Li的共掺杂对ZnO:Cd量子点发光性能的影响.采用紫外光谱、荧光发射光谱、红外光谱和透射电镜、XRD对样品进行表征.结果表明:经Cd优化基质后、Eu和Li的共掺杂使量子点荧光强度明显增强;硫脲修饰后纳米颗粒分布更加均匀、晶粒更小、荧光光谱蓝移、量子点产率增加;该样品XRD衍射峰是馒头峰.属于无定形态;红外光谱图中因硫脲引起的NH2和C-NH2伸缩振动吸收峰分别为3189.0,1088.2 cm-1,硫脲修饰的最佳浓度大约为32 mg/mL.该量子点制备方法简单易行,具有较好的稳定性及高荧光量子效率,为进一步应用于生物标记奠定基础.     

Fluorescence-quenching of Tryptophan Ion-18-crown-6 Complex——A Different Observation from Its Neutral Counterpart

It is well-known that primary amines form inclusive complexes with crown ethers. This kind of noncova-lently inclusive complexes,exemplified tryptophan complex with 18-crown-6,was studied by combination of two experimental methods,fluorimetry and mass spectrometry,with theoretical calculation. Fluorescence intensity of tryptophan in the absence and the presence of 18-crown-6 in aqueous HAc-NaAc buffer solution at pH=3.73 has been studied by fluorometry. The fluorescence intensity decreases significantly wit...     

邻近555nm区域目视光谱分析的操作技巧

看谱分析至今在一些机械工厂仍普遍使用,鉴于看谱仪器的生产厂家占有一定的市场份额,在一段时期内还不会被其它的仪器完全取代。本工作介绍了邻近555nm区域目视光谱分析的操作方法。从检测钢铁样品中钼开始,认识或记忆这条钼的谱线,可有助于掌握钼谱线周围的其它元素谱线,具有一定联想的效果,帮助初学者认识、记忆及操作。     

用时间分辨光谱研究红细胞悬液的荧光发射

实验获得了激光照射红细胞悬液的荧光光谱,并分别监测不同荧光峰值波长处强度随时间的衰变过程,测试了其相应的荧光寿命。结果表明,在波长为407nm的激光照射下,红细胞悬液向外发射中心波长分别位于596,628,692nm的荧光光谱,各荧光峰对应衰变过程的平均荧光寿命分别为1.97,13.31,14.58ns。利用荧光强度和吸收率的加和性表示了混合物的总吸收率和总荧光发射强度,通过理论计算获得了红细胞悬液中锌卟啉、原卟啉和其他游离物参与荧光发射的相对含量和相对强度在不同荧光峰位的变化关系,进一步解释了不同峰位处荧光发射强度和平均荧光寿命的变化原因。     

Laser-induced Alignment and Coulomb Explosion of CO2

Dynamic processes of CO2 are experimentally studied in intense femtosecond laser fields with laser intensity varying from 1×10^13 W/cm^2 to 6×10^14 W/cm^2. When the laser intensity is below the ionization threshold, a coherent rotational wave-packet is formed for CO2 at room temperature through nonadiabatic rotational excitation. The evolution of the wave-packet leads to transient alignment. The field-free alignment revives periodically after the laser pulse is over. The revival structure can be modified by a second laser pulse for the rotational wave-packet through precisely adjusting the time delays between the two laser pulses. When the laser intensity excesses the ionization threshold, ionization and Coulomb explosion occur. The atomic ions C^m＋ （re=1-3） and On＋ （n=1-3） observed in the experiment exhibit highly anisotropic angular distributions relative to the laser polarization. Using two linearly polarized laser pulses with crossed polarization, we conclude that the anisotropic angular distribution results from dynamic alignment, in which the rising edge of the laser pulse aligns the neutral CO2 along the laser polarization direction prior to ionization.     

驱动场失谐对∧型原子EIT的影响

文章用缀饰原子研究电磁感应透明，为分析探测光强度的破坏性干涉提供了一个清晰的物理图象，用这种方法可更乘法地研究驱动场失谐对电磁感应透明的影响。     

Effects of light intensity on reflective ghost imaging

In this letter, we analyze the effects of light intensity find that the brightness of reflective ghost image can on reflective ghost imaging with thermal source. We be changed by modulating the light intensity of the source and the splitting ratio of the beam splitter. The signal-to-noise ratio will be improved by increa.sing the light intensity of the source. More important, we can obtain the reflective ghost image with high image quality by adopting a low light intensity signal beam and a high light intensity reference beam, which is better than the classical optical imaging, because it can reduce the effects of light on the object.