基于效益最优的企业物流外包决策的量化研究

供应链管理要求相关企业进行优化合作,将非核心业务外包,其中最典型的是物流外包.目前大多数文献仅仅从定性角度出发阐述企业物流外包决策的原因,而没有将其定量化研究.尝试由基本的需求函数出发,根据企业利润最大化原则,从成本和收益的角度去量化分析企业物流外包的必然性和建立高效供应链的必要性,找到基于利润和核心竞争力的企业物流外包的动力.     

Optimal pricing in a duopoly: A noncooperative differential games solution

This paper deals with a differential games model of an oligopoly ofn profit-maximizing firms competing for the same stock of customers. For the sale dynamics, it is assumed that the customers of each firm are driven away gradually by increasing product prices. Since the state variable is absent from the Hamiltonian maximizing conditions as well as from the adjoint equations, open-loop Nash solutions can be obtained. By using phase diagram analysis, for two players the behavior of the optimal pricing strategies can be characterized qualitatively. The main importance of the paper lies in the solution technique, rather than in the economic significance of the proposed model. Under the proposed assumptions, the two-point boundary-value problem resulting from the maximum principle is reduced to a terminal-value problem. It turns out that, for special salvage values of the market shares and if the planning horizon is not too short, nonmonotonic Nash-optimal price trajectories occur.Thanks are due to S. Jørgensen, A. Mehlmann, and R. Willing for helpful suggestions.     

随机需求收益最大化分销网络设计问题

研究随机需求的供应链分销网络设计问题。考虑供应商可以选择所服务的零售商,且供应商通过定价决策确定所服务的零售商。针对此问题,建立了一个非线性整数规划模型和一个等价的集合包裹模型,并利用列生成算法求解集合包裹模型,同时提出一种O（ n3 logn）时间的算法求解列生成算法中产生的子问题。数值计算表明,本文所提出的算法具有很好的最优性和可行性。