关于三峡永久船闸高边坡快速施工地质超前预报的几个问题

文中就三峡永久船闸高边坡快速施工地质超前预报的几个问题进行了讨论。分别研究了三峡永久船闸高边坡施工地质超前预报的必要性，提出了超前预报技术思路，最后就高边坡岩体反分析及反馈设计问题、施工地质超前预报问题以及与监测相适应的超前处理及防护进行了分析。     

龙游牛场古地下洞室群岩柱的长期抗拉强度反演

在龙游县上畈村附近的牛场有一处由2个洞室组成的古地下洞室群。现场调查发现,在其中1号洞的岩柱1上出现了一条竖直的张开裂缝。据分析,这是上覆岩层对该岩柱施加过大荷载的结果,这一发现为本文研究岩体长期抗拉强度提供了条件。作者即以根据牛场古地下洞室群1号洞内岩柱1的拉裂现象为研究对象,根据最大拉应力论来反演岩体的长期抗拉强度。这不仅对长期强度研究具有理论意义,而且在古工程保护方面也具有应用价值。     

金属Al背电极二维AZO光栅的制备和陷光特性

研究了背电极金属Al膜上二维ZnO:Al光栅的制备及其反射光谱特性.在厚度为300 nm的Al膜上溅射80 nm ZnO:Al薄膜,旋涂AZ5206光刻胶,用波长为325 nm的激光进行光刻制作光栅掩模.采用溶脱-剥离法在Al衬底上制备周期(624~1250 nm)和槽深(100~300 nm)可独立调控的ZnO:Al二维光栅.表面形貌采用原子力显微镜和扫描电镜观察,反射光谱用带积分球的分光光度计测试,双向反射分布函数用散射仪测量.结果表明,300 nm Al膜上织构二维ZnO:Al光栅背电极结构,当光栅槽深为228 nm,周期从624 nm增加到986 nm时,背电极总反射率、漫反射率以及雾度均随光栅周期增大而显著增加,而当周期从986 nm增加到1250 nm时,总反射率、漫反射率以及雾度略有增加.双向反射分布函数测试结果进一步证实了上述实验结果,即随着周期增大,漫反射峰值越大,衍射峰个数也增多.提示背反电极上槽深为228 nm、周期为986 nm的二维ZnO:Al光栅具有较好的散射效果,其中漫反射占总反射的百分比为45%.     

Bauschinger and size effects in thin-film plasticity due to defect-energy of geometrical necessary dislocations

The Bauschinger and size effects in the thinfilm plasticity theory arising from the defect-energy of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) are analytically investigated in this paper. Firstly, this defect-energy is deduced based on the elastic interactions of coupling dislocations (or pile-ups) moving on the closed neighboring slip plane. This energy is a quadratic function of the GNDs density, and includes an elastic interaction coefficient and an energetic length scale L. By incorporating it into the work- conjugate strain gradient plasticity theory of Gurtin, an energetic stress associated with this defect energy is obtained, which just plays the role of back stress in the kinematic hardening model. Then this back-stress hardening model is used to investigate the Bauschinger and size effects in the tension problem of single crystal Al films with passivation layers. The tension stress in the film shows a reverse dependence on the film thickness h. By comparing it with discrete-dislocation simulation results, the length scale L is determined, which is just several slip plane spacing, and accords well with our physical interpretation for the defect- energy. The Bauschinger effect after unloading is analyzed by combining this back-stress hardening model with a friction model. The effects of film thickness and pre-strain on the reversed plastic strain after unloading are quantified and qualitatively compared with experiment results.     

Artificial neural network for quantitative determination of total protein in yogurt by infrared spectrometry

A method has been introduced for quantitative determination of protein content in yogurt samples based on the characteristic absorbance of protein in 1800-1500 cm^− 1 spectral region by mid-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. Successive Projection Algorithm (SPA) wavelength selection procedure, coupled with feed forward Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network (BP-ANN) model was the benefited chemometric technique. Relative Error of Prediction (REP) in BP-ANN and SPA-BP-ANN methods for training set was 7.25 and 3.70 respectively. Considering the complexity of the sample, the ANN model was found to be reliable, while the proposed method is rapid and simple, without any sample preparation step.     

Identification of a fault zone ahead of the tunnel excavation face using the extended Kalman filter

Simulation of mechanized tunneling and on-site excavation require very good knowledge of the geomechanical and material properties. Identification of the material must be fast and continuously performed during tunnel excavation for the best possible strategies for advancing the tunnel boring machine. We present in this work the use of the extended Kalman filter (EKF) for identification of the inclined fault zone ahead of the face. The EKF showed fast and stable convergence of the model parameters under study. In comparison with the particle swarm optimization technique applied to the same back analysis problem, faster convergence of the identified parameters as well as high robustness with respect to the choice of the initial parameter values have been observed.     

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根据反向积分原理编写了流场反演程序,并开展了程序验证计算。在反演区域内,由临界面速度反演出与辐射流体力学程序MULTI计算结果几乎一致的结果;由Saturn加速器上实验测试的单个样品后自由面速度反演出了加载压强历史、多种厚度样品后自由面粒子速度历史等信息,与文献对比发现,反演结果与由加速器工作电流推出结果、WONDY程序计算结果、实验测试结果相吻合。本工作为即将开展的激光驱动准等熵压缩实验奠定了技术基础。     

Material characterization of a nanocrystal based photovoltaic device

Nanocomposites have shown promise as the active layer for photovoltaic energy conversion. One example is the CdSe nanocrystal \polymer composite demonstrated by Hyunh and Greenham [#!Ref1!#,#!Ref2!#]. In this paper we investigate the baseline properties of the materials used in such a device. We present surface chemical information for CdSe nanocrystals and chemical analysis for poly-(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) polymer. Received 30 November 2000     

Eu:Fe:LiNbO3晶体非简并四波混频的研究

用波长为623.8nm的He-Ne激光作信号光和一束泵浦光,用波长为488.0nm的Ar⁺激光作另一束泵浦光,在Eu:Fe:LiNbO₃晶体中实现了非简并四波混频,获得了波长为488.0nm的变频相位共轭光,同时还产生了波长为632.8nm的同频相位共扼光。本文对上述实验结果进行了定性分析。