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1.
《Optimization》2012,61(2):101-112
For optimal control problems of nonlinear evolution equations of first order we derive regularity properties for the corresponding adjoint states where the proof is based on the necessary optimal conditions and smoothness properites of the optimal states. These results are used for the characterization of the optimal solution and the corresponding adjoint state of the periodic three-dimensionel NAVIER-STOKES system. 相似文献
2.
《Optimization》2012,61(5-6):413-426
The concept of local cone approximations, introduced in recent years by Ester and Thierfelder, is a powerful tool for establishing optimality conditions. In this paper we show how to use it for obtaining sufficient optimality conditions in nondifferentiable optimization 相似文献
3.
《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(10):2107-2110
Alcohols were oxidized to their corresponding carbonyl compounds with KBrO 3 in the presence of silica chloride and wet SiO 2 , in solution and under solvent free conditions. 相似文献
4.
Kioumars Aghapoor Hossein Reza Darabi Kourosh Tabar-Heydar 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(5):1183-1187
On the benzyl system, bearing various functional groups, have been carried out the Willgerodt-Kindler reaction to obtain thiobenzmorpholide ( 1 ). The reactions, under solvent-free conditions, were performed in both classical (reflux, room temperature) and nonclassical (microwave) conditions to attempt our elucidation of the reactions pathways. Unlike benzylamine and benzyl mercaptan, benzyl halides give poor result due to the type of amine. The experimental results suggest that the proposed reaction pathway involves the oxidation coupling of benzylic substrates, followed by a thiolation step and an attack of the amine on the thiolated product to give ( 1 ). 相似文献
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化探样品中金含量测定的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了化探样品中金测定过程中的分解方法、金的富集、酸度及流速、泡塑清洗及控制等条件,严格控制各个分析环节,通过对标准样品进行分析,相对标准偏差为0.75%—3.64%,回收率为95.0%—105.0%,方法适合批量样品生产,能达到化探样品中金含量的分析要求。 相似文献
8.
Adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (NaDBS) on the surfaces of dispersed oil globules during homogenization of paraffin oil in water emulsions has been studied. NaDBS concentration was changed over a wide interval comprising critical micelle concentration. For the emulsions homogenized for different time intervals the total quantity and the percentage of NaDBS adsorbed, the amount and number of NaDBS molecules adsorbed per unit inter-facial area, as well as the specific surface area of dispersed phase and the area per emulsifier molecule have been determined. The amount adsorbed and density of the emulsifier layer, I.e., the area per NaDBS molecule adsorbed on the oil globule surfaces, depend not only on Initial NaDBS concentration but also, on the homogenization time and the homogenization action. This makes a difference between the adsorption behaviour under the conditions of emulsion formation and its subsequent homogenization, and the adsorption behaviour of the emulsifier at a plane quiescent Interface. 相似文献
9.
André Rothkirch G. Diego Gatta Mathias Meyer Sébastien Merkel Marco Merlini Hanns‐Peter Liermann 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2013,20(5):711-720
Fast detectors employed at third‐generation synchrotrons have reduced collection times significantly and require the optimization of commercial as well as customized software packages for data reduction and analysis. In this paper a procedure to collect, process and analyze single‐crystal data sets collected at high pressure at the Extreme Conditions beamline (P02.2) at PETRA III, DESY, is presented. A new data image format called `Esperanto' is introduced that is supported by the commercial software package CrysAlisPro (Agilent Technologies UK Ltd). The new format acts as a vehicle to transform the most common area‐detector data formats via a translator software. Such a conversion tool has been developed and converts tiff data collected on a Perkin Elmer detector, as well as data collected on a MAR345/555, to be imported into the CrysAlisPro software. In order to demonstrate the validity of the new approach, a complete structure refinement of boron‐mullite (Al5BO9) collected at a pressure of 19.4 (2) GPa is presented. Details pertaining to the data collections and refinements of B‐mullite are presented. 相似文献
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