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炎正馨 《物理学报》2011,60(7):76202-076202
对比研究了入射激波诱导下纳米铝粉和微米铝粉与环氧丙烷混合物快速反应系统中的爆炸特征.利用多台单色谱仪同步采集技术实验测定了二种反应混合物在不同诱导激波中强度作用下的点火延迟时间.为获得爆炸系统内部信息利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射分析仪(XRD),X射线能谱(XPS)对相应铝粉反应生成物的结构、态貌、表面氧化层厚度进行了表征和分析.结果表明:TEM结果表明纳米铝粉生成物为絮状、针状和纤维状,而微米铝粉生成物为球状且体积增大;XRD结果显示在压缩区、点火区、燃烧区、爆炸区、传播区、碎片压缩致冷区生 关键词: 诱导激波 点火 XPS能谱 铝粉  相似文献   
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强流加速器水介质形成线放电或击穿形成的冲击波对陶瓷真空界面具有破坏作用。为获得该冲击载荷的信息,应用通用软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了一种水下爆炸有限元模型,将电弧放电等效为爆炸源,模拟得到了冲击波传播时序、压力历史曲线及陶瓷板的加速度响应;为验证模型的有效性,应用"针-板"电极水开关在输出电脉冲40~50 ns、幅值100~300 kV可调的10级陡化前沿Marx发生器上开展了电水锤缩比实验研究。实测了不同击穿电压下冲击波峰压、波速和主脉冲宽度,并依据经验公式计算了放电沉积能量和冲击波能量,平均约17%的间隙放电能量转换为冲击波机械能。对冲击波能量与峰压关系进行了拟合,并与数值模拟结果进行了比较,二者变化趋势基本一致,量级上吻合较好。  相似文献   
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袁大伟  李玉同 《中国物理 B》2015,24(1):15204-015204
The remarkable experimental progress in the studies of collisionless shockwave(CS)in laboratories employing highpower lasers is briefly reviewed.The results show that CS can be generated in laser-produced plasmas due to the microturbulence associated with instabilities.CS is one of the most important astronomical phenomena.It has been found in supernova remnants(SNRs),Sun–Earth space,etc.This paper focuses on CS in ways relevant to SNRs.Laboratory astrophysics(LA),a new interdisciplinary frontier of astrophysics,plasma and laser physics,has developed rapidly in recent years.As an accessory to the astronomical observation,LA experimenters can closely study some astronomical events scaled-down to controllable phenomena.  相似文献   
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Focusing of light pulses emitted by a Q-switched laser, which have a duration of some nanoseconds, into a medium leads to laser-induced breakdown. The shockwaves produced by this propagate through the medium and can interact with inhomogeneities situated within the medium and consequently cause destruction. Because of the increasing interest in these short light pulses in the medical field the interaction of the shockwaves with biological tissue has been investigated. The observed results indicate the influence of two physical quantities of the shockwave: the peak pressure and the duration.  相似文献   
5.
张翼  郑志远  李玉同  刘峰  李汉明  鲁欣  张杰 《物理学报》2007,56(10):5931-5936
利用阴影成像诊断技术,对激光约束烧蚀所产生的两个冲击波相互碰撞的演化过程进行了研究.通过分析冲击波相互碰撞在时间上和空间上的演化过程发现,当冲击波相互碰撞的时候,两个冲击波本身并不发生相互作用,而是冲击波与烧蚀等离子体之间发生相互作用.  相似文献   
6.
H. G. Drickamer 《高压研究》2013,33(1-6):955-962
Abstract

In this paper an attempt is made to review high pressure research over the past three or four decades from a personal viewpoint. Focus is first on two technical developments; the introduction of shock wave techniques in solids, and the extension of the static pressure range by a factor of 20–30.

The major emphasis is on the introduction of high pressure into the mainstream of modern science through the concept that pressure is a powerful, indeed an essential tool in understanding molecular and electronic properties of matter. These properties are classified under the headings (q) structure (x-rays) (b) molecular dynamics (c) pressure tuning spectroscopy (d) chemical and electronic rate phenomena (e) chemical synthesis.  相似文献   
7.
以平面波理论为基础,推导了无限平板在全入射角度下的冲击波壁压载荷计算公式,利用实验数据对壁压公式进行修正,提出了一种适用于计算有限尺度平板壁压的经验公式;分析了不同入射角度下壁压载荷的变化特性,初步研究了壁压载荷负压特性对平板局部空化的影响。结果表明:修正后的壁压曲线与实际壁压曲线吻合较好;入射角度的增大会加快壁压衰减过程,并使最低壁压的绝对值减小;随着药量或平板厚度的增加,壁压最低负压的绝对值增大,形成局部空化的能力增强;局部空化仅在一定条件范围内才会形成,空化范围受局部空化形成压力及冲击强度等因素的影响较大。  相似文献   
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9.
Abstract

A high intensity laser has been used to shock-compress liquid deuterium to pressures from 0.22 Mbar, near the upper end of gas-gun shock data, to 3.4Mbar. Using a variety of diagnostics, the density, pressure, and reflectivity of the shocked deuterium were determined, culminating in a knowledge of the behavior of hydrogen isotopes along the principal Hugoniot into the Mbar regime. It was found that hydrogen isotopes become highly compressible near 1 Mbar as a result of molecular dissociation and simultaneous ionization. Reflectivity measurements confirmed that deuterium transitions from an insulating state to a conducting phase at pressures near 0.5 Mbar on the Hugoniot and appears to do so in a continuous manner. At pressures above 0.5 Mbar, the measured reflectivity of the shocked deuterium is characteristic of a liquid metal.  相似文献   
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