A study of the rate-controlled constrained-equilibrium dimension reduction method and its different implementations

The Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium (RCCE) method is a thermodynamic based dimension reduction method which enables representation of chemistry involving n _s species in terms of fewer n _r constraints. Here we focus on the application of the RCCE method to Lagrangian particle probability density function based computations. In these computations, at every reaction fractional step, given the initial particle composition (represented using RCCE), we need to compute the reaction mapping, i.e. the particle composition at the end of the time step. In this work we study three different implementations of RCCE for computing this reaction mapping, and compare their relative accuracy and efficiency. These implementations include: (1) RCCE/TIFS (Trajectory In Full Space): this involves solving a system of n _s rate-equations for all the species in the full composition space to obtain the reaction mapping. The other two implementations obtain the reaction mapping by solving a reduced system of n _r rate-equations obtained by projecting the n _s rate-equations for species evaluated in the full space onto the constrained subspace. These implementations include (2) RCCE: this is the classical implementation of RCCE which uses a direct projection of the rate-equations for species onto the constrained subspace; and (3) RCCE/RAMP (Reaction-mixing Attracting Manifold Projector): this is a new implementation introduced here which uses an alternative projector obtained using the RAMP approach. We test these three implementations of RCCE for methane/air premixed combustion in the partially-stirred reactor with chemistry represented using the n _s=31 species GRI-Mech 1.2 mechanism with n _r=13 to 19 constraints. We show that: (a) the classical RCCE implementation involves an inaccurate projector which yields large errors (over 50%) in the reaction mapping; (b) both RCCE/RAMP and RCCE/TIFS approaches yield significantly lower errors (less than 2%); and (c) overall the RCCE/TIFS approach is the most accurate, efficient (by orders of magnitude) and robust implementation.     

考虑自重载荷作用的连续体结构拓扑优化

针对自重载荷作用下连续体结构拓扑优化中常遇到的柔顺度随单元密度变化的非单调性、非有效的材料体积约束和材料低密度区出现的``附属'效应等主要困难,提出了RAMP材料插值模型和平均敏度过滤技术相结合的求解策略,并采用MMA方法进行了优化求解. 研究了惩罚因子的选择对最优拓扑以及材料体积约束的影响. 结果表明,合理增大RAMP材料模型中惩罚因子(例如取值达到20.0), 可使材料体积约束达到有效约束. 此外,通过与Sigmund提出的敏度过滤技术比较表明,当引入平均敏度过滤技术时,结果0/1化程度较Sigmund的敏度技术高,可获得清晰的黑白拓扑.      

基于RAMP密度-刚度插值格式的结构拓扑优化

基于RAMP密度-刚度插值格式和优化准则（OC）方法,提出一种改进的拓扑优化设计的数学模型及设计变量的迭代格式。对棋盘格式和网格依赖性等数值计算问题进行了综述和研究,针对敏度过滤技术中存在的“边缘扩散”现象,提出了一种混合的过滤技术。给出了拓扑优化设计的程序流程,用FORTRAN程序实现了算法,通过几个经典算例证明了本文所研究方法的有效性。     

考虑压电驱动元件布局的作动器拓扑优化设计

工程中常需要设计各种各样的作动器以满足一定的驱动要求。本文采用拓扑优化的方法设计以压电材料为驱动的作动器。通过拓扑描述方法和RAMP（Rational Approximation of Material Properties）材料插值模型相结合的建模方式,建立了压电驱动元件布局与柔性机构构型协同设计的优化模型;以电压的...     

多工况结构拓扑优化的灰色权重折衷规划模型法

针对多工况结构拓扑优化问题中的载荷病态现象,基于RAMP (Rational Approximation of Material Properties)拓扑优化模型,提出应用灰色理论确定工况权重系数,并将应变能目标函数归一化的折衷规划模型法．通过专家评价方法获得工况权重系数的灰色区间,结合灰色理论计算工况权重系数灰色区间的精确值,并采用导重法推导出多工况结构拓扑优化问题的求解迭代表达式．通过定义载荷比描述载荷病态的程度,对多工况结构拓扑优化典型算例在不同载荷比及不同工况权重系数下进行结构拓扑优化分析．优化结果表明,灰色权重折衷规划模型及求解方法对多工况结构拓扑优化问题具有高效、稳定的特点,能够克服载荷病态问题,并通过大跨度甲板强横梁的结构拓扑优化设计证明本文设计方法的有效性．