Modular Synthesis of Triarylamines and Poly(triarylamine)s through a Radical Mechanism

A modular protocol for the triarylamine synthesis has been developed using diarylamines and electron-rich arenes, such as phenols, as the building blocks. The KI/KIO₄ system proves to be highly efficient for the cross-dehydrogenative coupling of phenothiazines/phenoxazines with phenols/anilines. A wide range of functional groups attached to both coupling partners were well tolerated. Through the manipulation of reaction temperatures, the sequential assembly of bis-triarylamines could be achieved to provide the unsymmetrically bis-aminated phenols efficiently. Furthermore, the multiple aminated polyphenols were rapidly constructed in good to high yields by a single operation.     

High-Performance Organic Field-effect Transistors from Functionalized Zinc Meso-Porphyrins

A series of new zinc porphyrins were synthesized, and their charge transport property was tuned by introducing various groups. Triarylamine was introduced to the porphyrin moiety at the meso-position as an electron donor, enhancing the charge carrier mobility. All the synthesized zinc porphyrins are thermally stable with a decomposition temperature over 178 °C. High frontier molecular orbitals levels of these compounds make them stable donor materials. SEM analysis of zinc porphyrins fabricated by spin-coating resulted in diversely self-assembled films. Field-effect transistors were fabricated using bottom-gate/top-contact architecture (BGTC) by solution-processable technique. The higher charge carrier mobility of 5.17 cm²/Vs with on/off of 10⁶ was obtained for trifluoromethyl substituted compound due to better molecular packing. In addition, GIXRD analysis revealed zinc porphyrins films crystalline nature, which supports its better charge carrier mobility. The present investigation has validated that zinc porphyrin building blocks are an attractive candidate for p-channel OFET devices.     

Efficient Synthesis of Triarylamines Catalyzed by Copper(I) Diazabutadiene Complexes

Cuprous chloride was coordinated by diazabutadiene (DAB‐R) ligands to form Cu(I)‐(DAB‐R) complexes, most of which have a 1:1 ratio of Cu to DAB‐R as reported. In the case of a special DAB‐ⁱPP, N,N′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)‐1,4‐diaza‐1,3‐butadiene, an unexpected composition of complex was found with the formula Cu(I)Cl(DAB)₂. When employed as catalyst for triarylamine synthesis from the coupling of aryl halides with primary and secondary arylamines, the new Cu(I)‐(DAB‐ⁱPP) complex displayed high efficiency.     

Tuning Ground States of Bis(triarylamine) Dications: From a Closed‐Shell Singlet to a Diradicaloid with an Excited Triplet State

Three bis(triarylamine) dications were isolated by using weakly coordinating anions. Their electronic structures in the ground state were investigated by various experiments in conjunction with theoretical calculations. The ground‐state electronic structures of these species were tunable by substituent effects, with two of them as closed‐shell singlets and one of them as an open‐shell singlet in the solid state. The excited state of the latter is thermally accessible, indicated by EPR and SQUID measurements. The work provides a new and stable diradicaloid structure motif with an excited triplet sate.     

Adamantyl Side Chains as Anti-Aggregating Moieties in Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Designing and evaluating novel dye concepts is crucial for the development of the field of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In our recent report, the novel concept of tethering the anti-aggregation additive chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) to dyes for DSSC was introduced. Based on the performance improvements seen for this modification, the aim of this study is to see if a simplified anti-aggregation unit could achieve similar results. The following study reports the synthesis and photovoltaic characterization of two novel dyes decorated with the steric ethyladamantyl moiety on the π-spacer, and on the triarylamine donor. This modification is demonstrated to be successful in increasing the photovoltages in devices employing copper-based electrolytes compared to the non-modified reference dye. The best photovoltaic performance is achieved by a device prepared with the adamantyl decorated donor dye and CDCA, this device achieves a power conversion efficiency of 6.1 % (Short-circuit current=8.3 mA cm⁻², Open-circuit voltage=1054 mV, Fill factor=0.69). The improved photovoltaic performance seen for the adamantyl decorated donor demonstrate the potential of ethyladamantyl side chains as a tool to ensure surface protection of TiO₂.     

具有高分子空穴传输性能的含三芳胺侧链接枝聚苯乙烯的合成与表征

三芳胺类聚合物作为空穴传输材料具有广泛的应用前景。设计、合成了一种新的三芳胺衍生物单体 4 -乙烯基苄氧基亚甲基三苯胺 ,通过NMR、IR及MS等手段对其结构进行了表征。用AIBN引发新单体进行自由基聚合反应 ,得到了侧链带三苯胺基团的高分子空穴传输聚合物 ,该聚合物具有较高玻璃化转变温度及高热稳定性。     

苯乙烯相连的卟啉-三芳胺共轭体的合成及表征

以三芳胺甲醛和4-二乙氧基甲基苄基亚磷酸二乙酯为原料经Wittig-Horner反应制得化合物4-[4-(N,N-二苯胺基)苯乙烯基]苯甲醛, 4-[4-(N,N-二对甲苯胺基)苯乙烯基]苯甲醛和4-[4-(N,N-二对甲氧基苯胺基)苯乙烯基]苯甲醛, 这些化合物与吡咯在丙酸中回流得到一类通过苯乙烯相连的卟啉-三芳胺共轭体, 并采用¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS及UV-vis对卟啉化合物的结构进行了表征.     

Dendritic-Like Molecules Built on a Pillar[5]arene Core as Hole Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

Multi-branched molecules have recently demonstrated interesting behaviour as charge-transporting materials within the fields of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). For this reason, extended triarylamine dendrons have been grafted onto a pillar[5]arene core to generate dendrimer-like compounds, which have been used as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for PSCs. The performances of the solar cells containing these novel compounds have been extensively investigated. Interestingly, a positive dendritic effect has been evidenced as the hole transporting properties are improved when going from the first to the second-generation compound. The stability of the devices based on the best performing pillar[5]arene material has been also evaluated in a high-throughput ageing setup for 500 h at high temperature. When compared to reference devices prepared from spiro-OMeTAD, the behaviour is similar. An analysis of the economic advantages arising from the use of the pillar[5]arene-based material revealed however that our pillar[5]arene-based material is cheaper than the reference.     

螺噁嗪光致变色反应机理研究进展

20世纪80年代中期以来, 关于螺噁嗪在光致变色过程中的光化学和光物理现象的研究非常活跃. 综述了近20年来对溶液中的螺噁嗪、晶体螺噁嗪以及固体介质中的螺噁嗪的光致变色机理研究结果, 同时介绍了实验研究方法和理论研究方法在螺噁嗪光致变色过程研究中的应用, 分析了取代基对光致变色性质的影响. 阐述了机理研究对新型螺噁嗪设计合成的重要指导意义.