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1.
The solubility of the nucleic acid bases, adenine and thymine, in aqueous erythritol, xylose, glucose, and sucrose solutions has been studied. The solubility of adenine increases linearly with glucose and sucrose concentration, whereas with the other reagents a nonlinear increase is observed. Below 1.5M reagent concentration, the solubility of adenine increases in the order erythritol < robose, xylose < glucose < sucrose. The solubility of thymine in these solutions, on the other hand, decreases, increases, or does not change depending upon the reagent. The effect of temperature on the solubility of adenine and thymine in sugar solution indicates that the transfer of these molecules from water to sugar solution is exothermic.Presented in part at the VIIth All-India Symposium in Biophysics held at Visva Bharati University during October 1976. 相似文献
2.
The diffusion of sucrose through an optically opaque oil-in-water emulsion was monitored nondestructively by measuring the ultrasonic velocity as a function of height. Initially, a corn oil-in-water emulsion (0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 wt% oil) stabilized by Tween 20 (1 wt%) and xanthan (1 wt%) was placed in a measurement cell at 30°C. A 20 wt% sucrose solution containing the same concentration of Tween 20 and xanthan as the aqueous phase in the emulsion was placed on top of the emulsion. The ultrasonic velocity of this two-layer system was measured as a function of sample height and time and then converted into sucrose and oil concentration–distance profiles using empirical calibration curves. The translational diffusion coefficient of the sucrose in the upper and lower layers was determined by fitting the experimental data to a Fickian diffusion model. The measured diffusion coefficients of the sucrose molecules decreased as the droplet concentration in the emulsion increased, indicating retardation of the sugar molecule movement. Ultrasonic profiling was also used to monitor the compression of the emulsion due to movement of water molecules into the upper layer. 相似文献
3.
《Tetrahedron》2004,60(3):529-534
Cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase (CGTase) from Thermoanaerobacter sp. was covalently immobilized on Eupergit C and used for the synthesis of maltooligosyl fructofuranosides employing soluble starch as donor and sucrose as acceptor. Using a weight ratio starch-sucrose of 1:2, the conversion of starch into acceptor products catalyzed by soluble and immobilized CGTases was higher than 80% in 48 h. Under these conditions, the reaction was selective for the formation of maltosyl fructofuranoside. 相似文献
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Concanavalin A (Con A) immobilized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) beads were investigated for specific adsorption of yeast invertase from aqueous solutions. PHEMA beads were prepared by a suspension polymerization technique with an average size of 150-200 microm, and activated by epichlorohydrin. Con A was then immobilized by covalent binding onto these beads. The maximum Con A immobilization was found to be 10 mg/g. The invertase-loading capability of the PHEMA/Con A beads was 107 mg/g. The maximum invertase adsorption capacity on the PHEMA/Con A adsorbents was observed at pH 5.0. The values of the Michaelis constant K(m) of invertase were significantly larger upon adsorption, indicating decreased affinity by the enzyme for its substrate, whereas V(max) was smaller for the adsorbed invertase. Adsorption improved the pH stability of the enzyme as well as its temperature stability. Thermal stability was found to increase with adsorption. The adsorbed enzyme activity was found to be quite stable in repeated experiments. Storage stability of adsorbed invertase. 相似文献
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The metabolic profiling of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa, Hayward cultivar) aqueous extracts and the water status of entire kiwifruits were monitored over the season (June-December) using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methodologies. The metabolic profiling of aqueous kiwifruit extracts was investigated by means of high field NMR spectroscopy. A large number of water-soluble metabolites were assigned by means of 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The change in the metabolic profiles monitored over the season allowed the kiwifruit development to be investigated. Specific temporal trends of aminoacids, sugars, organic acids and other metabolites were observed.The water status of kiwifruits was monitored directly on the intact fruit measuring the T2 spin-spin relaxation time by means of a portable unilateral NMR instrument, fully non-invasive. Again, clear trends of the relaxation time were observed during the monitoring period.The results show that the monitoring of the metabolic profiling and the monitoring of the water status are two complementary means suitable to have a complete view of the investigated fruit. 相似文献
9.
利用差示扫描量热仪用经过退火处理的连续扫描法、不经过退火处理的连续扫描法和分步扫描法,对20%和50%蔗糖水溶液的玻璃化转变温度进行了测量。结果显示,退火处理的连续扫描法测量结果最好,测得蔗糖水溶液的玻璃化转变温度大致为-34.6℃,Tg'不受退火温度和溶液浓度的影响。三种方法测得20%蔗糖水溶液的Tg'的差别不大。退火方法和不退火方法测得50%蔗糖水溶液的Tg'差别很大。用两种不同的连续扫描方法做了几组测新鲜西瓜汁玻璃化转变温度的实验,结果在-42--44℃之间。 相似文献
10.
Creating Space for Large Acceptors: Rational Biocatalyst Design for Resveratrol Glycosylation in an Aqueous System 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Mareike E. Dirks‐Hofmeister Dr. Tom Verhaeghe Karel De Winter Prof. Dr. Tom Desmet 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(32):9289-9292
Polyphenols display a number of interesting properties but their low solubility limits practical applications. In that respect, glycosylation offers a solution for which sucrose phosphorylase has been proposed as a cost‐effective biocatalyst. However, its activity on alternative acceptor substrates is too low for synthetic purposes and typically requires the addition of organic (co‐)solvents. Here, we describe the engineering of the enzyme from Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum to enable glycosylation of resveratrol as test case. Based on docking and modeling studies, an active‐site loop was predicted to hinder binding. Indeed, the unbolted loop variant R134A showed useful affinity for resveratrol (Km=185 mM ) and could be used for the quantitative production of resveratrol 3‐α‐glucoside in an aqueous system. Improved activity was also shown for other acceptors, introducing variant R134A as promising new biocatalyst for glycosylation reactions on bulky phenolic acceptors. 相似文献