A rapid two-step chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of vitellogenin in fish plasma

By combining anion-exchange membrane purification with high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) analysis, a two-step chromatographic method was developed for the determination of vitellogenin (Vtg) in fish plasma. Most plasma protein interferences can be removed during anion-exchange membrane purification process. Vtg is eluted from the size-exclusion chromatography column with a retention time of about 9 min and is characterized based on the native molecular weight, with a limit of quantification of 20 g Vtg mL^–1 plasma. The spiked recovery and interassay variability were better than 80% and 4.8%. This method was successfully applied to analyze the plasma Vtg levels of loach (Misgurnus angaillicaudatus) and sea catfish (Enchelyopus elongatus). In addition to all the female fish, Vtg is detected in 75% of male loaches and 100% of male sea catfish. The result indicates that some chemicals or unknown factors with estrogenic activity have induced male fish to produce Vtg.     

超临界CO_2萃取-气相色谱质谱法测定斑点叉尾鮰肌肉中的脂肪酸

采用超临界CO2萃取工艺、气相色谱-电子电离质谱(GC-EI-MS)法,建立了斑点叉尾鮰肌肉中脂肪酸的定性与定量分析方法。在CO2流速为30 L/h、温度45℃、压力25 MPa、时间100 min条件下进行超临界CO2萃取,所得油脂皂化10 min,采用三氟化硼法进行甲酯化衍生20 min,经HP-Innowax毛细管柱分离,电子电离质谱检测,以全扫描模式定性分析,选择离子扫描模式定量分析,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、双不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸的定量离子分别为m/z74,55,67和79。14种脂肪酸甲酯的检出限和定量限分别在2.2～20μg/L和7.4～60μg/L之间;平均回收率为90.0%～111.2%,相对标准偏差为2.0%～5.9%。本方法灵敏度高、重复性好,可用于测定斑点叉尾鮰肌肉样品的脂肪酸。     

微波消解原子吸收光谱法测定鱼肉中14种金属元素

以微波消解法处理鱼肉样品,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定鲶鱼、胖头鱼、小黄花鱼、鲫鱼4种鱼肉中的钾、钠、镁、钙、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、锰、锶、铬、镉和铅元素含量。鱼肉样品以5 mL HNO_3和1 mL H_2O_2在一定的温度和时间下经微波消解处理后,在最佳工作条件下测定以上14种金属元素含量,各元素的加标回收率在95.4%~104.6%之间,检出限为0.001 1~0.012 9μg/mL,标准工作曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999,该方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.71%~4.28%(n=10)。该方法适用于鱼肉中钾、钠、镁、钙、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、锰、锶、铬、镉和铅14种金属元素的含量测定。     

鱼组织中氟苯尼考及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺的检测

建立了斑点叉尾鱼回(Ictalurus punctatus)体内各组织中氟苯尼考及氟苯尼考胺的检测方法。组织中加入磷酸盐缓冲液,丙酮提取,加入CH2Cl2分层,弃去上层水相,正己烷脱脂等样品处理过程;V(乙腈)∶V(0.01 mol/L NaH2PO4)(含0.005 mol/L十二烷基硫酸钠和0.10%三乙胺)=2∶3溶液为流动相,紫外检测波长为225 nm。方法在0.01~10.00 mg/L浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数r=0.9997。平均回收率为76.00%~92.04%,相对标准偏差为0.41%~9.2%,氟苯尼考和氟苯尼考胺在血浆、肌肉、皮肤的检出限分别为30、25μg/L,20、15μg/kg,50、50μg/kg。方法适用于氟苯尼考在鱼体内药代动力学研究和氟苯尼考及其代谢物氟苯尼考胺在鱼体肌肉和皮肤组织中残留量的同时检测。