Preparation of a novel bentonite intercalation composite by changing the chemical state of aluminum

A new environment-friendly bentonite intercalation composite was successfully obtained from alumina sol intercalation. This process used industrial grade pseudo boehmite as the aluminum source and provided with the advantage of zero emission of acidic wastewater. The bentonite intercalation composite was investigated by XRF, ICP, XRD, FT-IR, BET, and pyridine-FTIR. Results indicated that the basal spacing was enlarged from 14.72 to 15.60 Å; the specific surface area increased by 128%; and the total acid content increased from 65.32 to 245.76 μmol/g. The catalytic activity of this composite was tested by alkylation of aromatics with olefins. The results show that the weak Lewis acid generated by extra-framework aluminum and specific surface area play a decisive role, while weak Brønsted acid site is not the active site for this alkylation reaction.     

Evaluation of alumina slurry dispersion by nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation as a comparison to conventional dispersion evaluation methods

In this paper, we evaluated the particle dispersion degree of alumina slurry containing a dispersant by solvent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation and compared it with conventional dispersion evaluation methods such as viscosity, particle size, and sedimentation height measurements. The dispersion of slurry was evaluated via numerical analysis of the transverse relaxation time (T₂). The effect of the changes in different parameters of the experiment in terms of milling time, solid loading, and dispersant amount was investigated by NMR relaxation as well as conventional methods. The results of NMR relaxation measurements revealed that T₂ correlates well with other dispersion evaluation methods; thus, it is an efficient technique to evaluate the dispersion of alumina slurry, specifically, when studying the effect of the change in milling time and dispersion amount.     

Adsorption of arsenate on lanthanum-impregnated activated alumina: In situ ATR-FTIR and two-dimensional correlation analysis study

Lanthanum modified materials have been widely used for the removal of hazardous anions.In this study,in situ ATR-FTIR and two-dimensional correlation analysis were employed to investigate the adsorption mechanism of arsenate（As（V）） on lanthanum-impregnated activated alumina（LAA）.Our results showed that electrostatic interaction attracted As（V） anions to the LAA surface,and then As（V） could form monodentate configuration on the LAA surface at pH 5-9.The result of 2D-COS showed that two coexistent adsorbed As（V） species,H₂AsO₄^- and HAsO₄^2-,were adsorbed on the LAA surface without specific sequence at different pH conditions,indicating a negligible role of the incorporated protons of As（V） on the adsorption affinity to LAA surface.The results of this study reveal insights into LAA surface complexes on the molecular scale and provide theoretical support to new metal oxides design for efficient arsenic removal.     

氧化铝多孔膜振动性能的实验研究

电化学氧化法制备的氧化铝多孔膜有六角规则密排的纳米孔,其优良的结构特点使其具有良好的用途,可应用于微粒物质分离,氧化剂的载体,微电子机械系统的组件和纳米器件等。在前期研究了这种氧化铝膜的力学性能如拉伸性能和弯曲性能的基础上,本文实验研究了这种氧化铝多孔膜的振动特性即共振频率特性和振动模态,估算了该氧化铝多孔膜的相当弹性模量,与其他方法测得的相当弹性模量基本一致。     

PROGRESSIVE FRAGMENT MODELING OF FAILURE WAVE IN CERAMICS UNDER PLANAR IMPACT LOADING

Polycrystalline ceramics have heterogeneous meso-structures which result in high singularity in stress distribution. Based on this, a progressive fragment model was proposed which describes the failure wave formation and propagation in shocked ceramics. The governing equation of the failure wave was characterized by inelastic bulk strain with material damage and fracture. And the inelastic bulk strain consists of dilatant strain from nucleation and expansion of microcracks and condensed strain from collapse of original pores. Numerical simulation of the free surface velocity was performed in good agreement with planar impact experiments on 92.93％ aluminas at China Academy of Engineering Physics. And the longitudinal, lateral and shear stress histories upon the arrival of the failure wave were predicted, which present the diminished shear strength and lost spall strength in the failed layer.     

鼓膜法测定纳米多孔氧化铝薄膜的弹性模量

本文的多孔氧化铝薄膜含有直径均一、互相平行且与表面垂直的有序纳米孔阵列。它有广阔的应用前景。多孔氧化铝膜与氧化铝陶瓷材料的宏观力学性能有很大的区别。本文用鼓膜法结合实时电子散斑干涉(ESPI)技术，测量薄膜压力与离面位移的关系，再用周边固支平板小挠度模型计算出多孔氧化铝薄膜的宏观弹性模量。本实验中厚76微米的多孔氧化铝薄膜的宏观弹性模量为32.5GPa，比热压氧化铝陶瓷的弹性模量几乎小一个数量级，主要是由于晶相和细观结构不同造成的。这种方法较适合测量此类结构薄膜的力学性能。     

含有序孔洞的多孔氧化铝薄膜的力学性能测量和数值模拟

高纯铝箔在特定的溶液下经过电化学阳极氧化腐蚀,可在其表面生成一层多孔的非晶氧化铝层,其孔径分布非常均匀,孔大致呈六方密排布。由于此类薄膜具有规则的纳米级孔径,大的比表面积,良好的自组织排列性,所以其日益受到人们的关注。然而,到目前为止,对于此类薄膜力学性能的研究还很少,所以在一定程度上限制其功能的开发和应用。为了获得此类多孔膜的弹性常数,本文首先由实验出发,通过光力学检测(双光束散斑干涉)的方法得到薄膜拉伸时的整体表观弹性模量。然后对薄膜建立二维有限元模型,运用均匀化理论反推出其基体(无孔结构)的弹性模量,同时考察了不同的基体泊松比对模型整体表观模量的影响,并且用一般有限元方法验证了沿特定方向拉伸时均匀化模型计算的有效性。     

陶瓷人工关节的跑合和摩擦性能研究

研究３种生物陶瓷材料（氧化铝，氮化硅和碳化硅）在水中的跑合及其摩擦特性。结果表明：跑合前，氮化硅－氮化硅摩擦副的起始摩擦因数和稳态摩擦因数最高，碳化硅－碳化硅磨擦副的起始摩擦因数和稳态摩擦因数最低，跑合后，氧化铝－氧化铝摩擦副的稳态摩擦因数最高，碳化硅－碳化硅摩擦副的起始摩擦因数和稳态摩擦因数仍然最低。当摩擦副表面均加工到超光洁状态（表面粗糙度Ｒａ为纳米数量级）时，碳化硅－碳化硅摩擦副的摩擦性能最     

含有序孔洞的多孔氧化铝薄膜的弹性模量测量

高纯铝箔在特定的溶液下经过电化学阳极氧化腐蚀，可在其表面生成一层多孔的非晶氧化铝层，孔大致呈六方密排，孔径分布均匀。此类薄膜具有规则的纳米级孔径，大的比表面积，可用在微纳滤方面和纳米材料组装方面。然而，对于此类薄膜力学性能的研究较少，在一定程度上限制其功能的开发和应用。为了获得此类多孔膜的弹性常数，本文用鼓膜法结合散斑干涉实验方法、单轴拉伸结合双光束干涉法和多普勒测振仪三种方法测量氧化铝多孔膜的弹性模量，得到的宏观弹性模量基本相同，并对三种方法的优缺点进行了比较，分析了多孔氧化铝膜与块状氧化铝材料或致密氧化铝膜力学性能的差并。