喷雾干燥法制备水分散聚酰亚胺

利用喷雾干燥法制备了具有良好水分散性的聚酰胺酸微纳米颗粒, 其初次分散浓度可达20%, 并具有良好的再分散性. 这种微纳米颗粒经过处理后可进一步亚胺化形成透明的聚酰亚胺薄膜, 红外光谱和热失重测试结果表明薄膜已经完全亚胺化, 说明这种微纳米颗粒可应用于制备聚酰亚胺水性涂料. 同时, 对影响产物形貌的几种因素进行了初步研究.     

Micro-sphere model for strain-induced crystallisation and three-dimensional applications

Strain-crystallising rubber exhibits interesting properties: for instance, fatigue lifetime is known to be modified by this microstructural evolution which dissipates energy and creates a strong anisotropic reinforcement. We develop herein a micro-sphere 3D constitutive model for such strain-crystallising rubber. It is based on a simplified 1D micromechanical model that we extend with a micro-sphere approach to a full thermodynamically consistent evolutive anisotropic model. A specific numerical strategy is then proposed. The model is assessed on several significative configurations and reproduces the main experimental features while predicting the evolution of anisotropy as a function of the loading history. We finally show that it can also predict the crystallised zone in front of a mode I crack.     

Anisotropic micro-sphere-based finite elasticity applied to blood vessel modelling

A fully three-dimensional anisotropic elastic model for vascular tissue modelling is presented here. The underlying strain energy density function is assumed to additively decouple into volumetric and deviatoric contributions. A straightforward isotropic neo-Hooke-type law is used to model the deviatoric response of the ground substance, whereas a micro-structurally or rather micro-sphere-based approach will be employed to model the contribution and distribution of fibres within the biological tissue of interest. Anisotropy was introduced by means of the use of von Mises orientation distribution functions. Two different micro-mechanical approaches—a, say phenomenological, exponential ansatz, and a worm-like-chain-based formulation—are applied to the micro-fibres and illustratively compared. The passage from micro-structural contributions to the macroscopic response is obtained by a computational homogenisation scheme, namely numerical integration over the surface of the individual micro-spheres. The algorithmic treatment of this integration is discussed in detail for the anisotropic problem at hand, so that several cubatures of the micro-sphere are tested in order to optimise the accuracy at reasonable computational cost. Moreover, the introduced material parameters are identified from simple tension tests on human coronary arterial tissue for the two micro-mechanical models investigated. Both approaches are able to recapture the experimental data. Based on the identified sets of parameters, we first discuss a homogeneous deformation in simple shear to evaluate the models’ response at the micro-structural level. Later on, an artery-like two-layered tube subjected to internal pressure is simulated by making use of a non-linear finite element setting. This enables to obtain the micro- and macroscopic responses in an inhomogeneous deformation problem, namely a blood vessel representative boundary value problem. The effect of residual stresses is additionally included in the model by means of a multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient tensor which turns out to crucially affect the simulation results.