Carboxamides of Dihydropyridin-2(1<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-ones

Summary. 3-Carboxamides and 3-carboxanilides of 6-alkyl and 6-aryldihydropyridin-2(1H)-ones have been prepared via different reaction pathways. All synthesized amides show hydrogen bonds in their NMR spectra. The 4-hydroxy compounds were obtained as a mixture of tautomers. Their configurations were elucidated by NMR experiments.Received December 16, 2002; accepted December 20, 2002 Published online June 2, 2003     

The effective use of substituted benzoic anhydrides for the synthesis of carboxamides

Various carboxamides are synthesized from the corresponding carboxylic acids and amines with high product-selectivities using 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic or 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic anhydride in the presence of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine.     

Copper‐Catalyzed Bis(methoxycarbonyl)carbene Reactions of α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxamides

The [Cu(acac)₂]‐catalyzed reactions of α,β‐unsaturated carboxamides with dimethyl diazomalonate yielded dihydrofuran derivatives by a 1,5‐electrocyclic reaction at C(β), and butadiene derivatives by carbene addition reaction at C(α) (Schemes 4 and 5; Table). Phenyl substituents at the N‐atom of the amides seem to be effective on the reaction pathways (Table).     

N-triflyl-propiolamides: Preparation and transamidation reactions

N-Trifluoromethylsulfonyl-propiolamides have been prepared by two methods: a) N-triflation of secondary acetylenic carboxanilides, prepared in two steps from terminal alkynes, with triflic anhydride (Tf₂O) and b) from terminal alkynes and an aryl or alkyl isocyanate followed by Tf₂O in a consecutive one-pot reaction. The title compounds are bench-stable and insensitive to water and alcohols but amenable to transamidation reactions with a wide range of amine nucleophiles. Conversely, they are excellent reagents for the propynoylation of ammonia, primary and secondary amines, anilines, and hydrazines.     

Straightforward α-carbamoylation of NADH-like dihydropyridines and enol ethers

The protonation of NADH-like dihydropyridines and cyclic enol ethers generates reactive cationic intermediates, which interact with isocyanides to afford α-carbamoylated heterocycles after an aqueous quenching, in Ugi and Passerini-type reactions, thus broadening the scope of these multicomponent processes.     

Preparation of phosphinoferrocene carboxamides from isocyanates. Synthesis and structural characterisation of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes with 1′-(diphenylphosphino)-1-(N-phenylcarbamoyl)ferrocene

The reaction of in situ generated 1′-(diphenylphosphino)-1-lithioferrocene with isocyanates RNCO affords the respective phosphino-carboxamides Ph₂PfcCONHR (fc = ferrocene-1,1′-diyl, R = cyclohexyl (2), and Ph (3)) in moderate yields. The coordination behaviour of 3 chosen as a representative was studied in palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes. Depending on the metal precursor and the reaction conditions, the following compounds featuring this ligand as a P-monodentate or an O,P-chelating donor were isolated and characterised by spectroscopic methods (IR, multinuclear NMR and electrospray ionisation MS): trans-[PdCl₂(3-κP)₂] (5), trans-[PtCl₂(3-κP)₂] (6), cis-[PtCl₂(3-κP)₂] (7), [SP-4-4]-[(L^NC)PdCl(3-κP)] (8; L^NC = 2-[(dimethylamino-κN)methyl]phenyl-κC¹), and [SP-4-3]-[(L^NC)PdCl(3-κ²O,P)]SbF₆ (9). Besides, the crystal structures of a phosphine oxide resulting by oxidation of 2, viz Ph₂P(O)fcCONHCy (4), and of complexes 5·2Et₂O and 9 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.     

Enantiomeric separation of precursors of rho-kinase inhibitors by HPLC on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases

Summary The separation of enantiomers of substituted cyclohexanecarboxamides, benzamides and chemical precursors of Rho-kinase inhibitors was achieved using derivatized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. Separations were by normal phase HPLC with a mobile phase ofn-hexane-alcohol (methanol, ethanol or 2-propanol) in various proportions, and a silica-based cellulose tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate (Chiralcel OD-H), tris-methylbenzoate (Chiralcel OJ), a silica-based amylose tris-(S)-1-phenylethylcarbamate (Chiralpak AS), or tris-3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate (Chiralpak AD). The effects of cencentration of various aliphatic alcohols in the mobile phase were investigated. The effect of structural features on the discrimination between the enantiomers was examined. The isolation of milligram amounts of enantiomers of two derivatives was performed on an analytical column by multiple repetitive injections under overload conditions.     

A synthesis of 1-substituted 5-[2-(acylamino)ethyl]-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamides

A seven-step synthesis of 1-substituted 5-(2-acylaminoethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamides 20 as the pyrazole analogues of histamine was developed. The synthesis starts with a three-step preparation of N(1)-substituted methyl 5-(2-tert-butoxycarbonylaminoethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylates 7 from commercially available Boc-β-alanine (1). Subsequent four-step transformation of the key-intermediates 7 into the final products 20 was performed following two complementary reaction sequences comprising acidolytic removal of the Boc group, hydrolysis of the COOMe group, amidations of the COOH group, and acylations of the NH₂ group. The structures of pyrazole derivatives were determined by spectroscopic methods and by X-ray diffraction.     

A Copper‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction and ‘Click Strategy’ for the Stereoselective Synthesis of a New Series of Oxazolone Peptidomimetics with α‐Acylamino Amide and β‐Amido Ketone Structures

A novel ‘click ligation’ strategy for the stereoselective synthesis of a medium‐size library of structurally complex and functionally diverse oxazolone peptidomimetics, which contain α‐acylamino carboxamide or β‐amido ketone residues, is presented. Most of these molecules have lipophilicity constant values (log P) in the qualifying range for cell permeability, and that indicates the possibilities of these new molecules to be used in the search for potential inhibitors for a broad spectrum of enzymes.     

Synthesis of trans/cis 4-substituted 3-furyl-2-phenethyltetrahydroisoquinolin-1-ones: conformation of the trans-4-(pyrrolidinylcarbonyl) derivative

The title compounds were synthesized starting from homophthalic anhydride and an imine. The amides obtained showed unexpected values for ³J_3,4 that cannot be used to deduce their configuration and conformation. This problem was resolved for one representative compound (the 4-(pyrrolidinylcarbonyl) derivative) by means of detailed NMR studies, X-ray diffraction and theoretical calculations. The compound has the trans configuration. In the solid state, its conformation is with dipseudoaxial (aa) oriented substituents at positions 3 and 4. In different solvents and in the gas-phase, the majority of the data reveal that the observed value of ³J_3,4 results from an equilibrium of the ee and aa conformers.