基于耦合声场建模的膨胀腔消声器声学性能分析及试验

针对圆柱形膨胀腔消声器三维建模及声学性能分析问题, 提出一种基于切比雪夫变分原理的耦合声场建模方法, 建立三维圆柱形膨胀腔消声器理论模型并搭建试验台架, 传递损失试验结果验证了理论模型的准确性. 将膨胀腔消声器内部声场分解为多个子声场, 基于子声场间压力与质点振速连续性条件, 推导声场耦合变分公式, 构建子声场拉格朗日泛函. 将子声场声压函数展开为切比雪夫-傅里叶级数形式, 通过瑞利-里兹法求解膨胀腔消声器频率、声压响应及传递损失. 计算并对比分析扩张比、扩张腔长度、进出口管偏置对膨胀腔消声器消声性能的影响. 结果表明: 扩张比增大会有效提高消声器在低频段的消声性能, 进出口管的偏置对消声器消声性能影响很小.     

浮升力和流动加速对超临界CO2管内流动传热影响

基于单相流体的概念,超临界流体的异常传热行为已经被研究很多年了,但是关于其流动传热机理仍没有统一的认识.本文通过理论分析和实验研究了超临界二氧化碳在竖直管内向上流动过程中,浮升力和流动加速效应对其流动结构和传热过程的影响.结果表明,没有确凿的实验证据表明超临界流体的异常传热行为是浮升力和流动加速直接导致的,存在的估计浮升力和流动加速效应准则均是在常物性流体的基础上,做了大量假设得出的,不同的研究者采用浮升力和流动加速准则分析超临界流体的传热恶化得出的结论不一致.最后,基于拟沸腾理论分析超临界流体的传热恶化过程,提出超临界沸腾数区分了超临界流体正常传热与恶化传热的转换边界,为超临界流体流动传热研究提供新思路,超临界沸腾数对建立用于不同技术的超临界流体动力循环的最佳运行条件具有重要意义.     

基于化学学科认知障碍突破的中考复习教学实践* ——以“二氧化碳的性质”为例

分析学生对二氧化碳的3个典型学科认知障碍,以“二氧化碳的捕捉”为情境,通过“尝试捕捉二氧化碳”“谁在捕捉二氧化碳”“捕捉背后的原理”等3个主要环节,实现对学科认知障碍的突破,展示了一种新的中考复习教学思路。     

The Design of a 25-Barrel Pellet Injector with Cycle Refrigerator for the HL-2A Device

In the study of nuclear fusion, the conventional fuelling of plasma is edge gas puffing, however many experiments indicated that the fuelling efficiency of gas puffing usually degraded with increase of heat power leading the density profile of plasma control     

A Facile Synthesis of Silver-Coated Composite Particles by Swelling Surface Method

We report a facile and rapid method for fabrication of composite particles consisting of a polystyrene (PS) core and a uniform silver shell. The process involves the PS colloid surface swelling, the anchoring of silver ions and nanoparticles onto the surfaces, and the subsequent growth of metal seeds in a short period. The present approach has the advantages of simplicity and high efficiency. The TEM images show the morphology of the obtained PS core-silver shell particles, and their chemical composition and crystallinity are analysed by x-ray diffraction. To our knowledge, this is the first study based on swelling PS surface for synthesis of silver-coated PS particles and may be implemented for preparing other metal-coated PS particles.     

A New Cycloartane from Sphaerophysa salsula

A novel cycloartane,named sphaerophysone A,9,19-cycloart-7β,24β,25-triol-1-en-3-one,was isolated from the ethanol extract of Sphaerophysa salsula DC.The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral evidences and confirmed by X-ray analysis,the stereochemistry of the compound was also defined by X-ray analysis.     

乌桕类可可脂结晶过程中表现体积变化

为了解乌桕类可可脂(CTCBE)缓冷结晶横向胀罐爆裂原因，研究CTCBE结晶过程中的膨胀特性，采用流体静力法测试了不同等温结晶条件下CTCBE结晶形成的表观密度和表观体积及其横纵向膨胀状况。结果表明，CTCBE缓冷结晶后形成外部和中部两个晶区。在5-25℃的各等温结晶范围内，当结晶温度增加时，外部结晶区域减小、表观密度变化不大；中部结晶区域增大、表观密度明显减小，CTCBE的表观体积、横向、纵向膨胀率均增大，膨胀横向大于纵向。进一步表明CTCBE在自然缓冷固化的表观体积根本上由其结晶温度决定。为有效防止横向胀罐，自然缓冷固化温度应低于10℃。