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为降低背景光噪声对数字摄像法夜间能见度测量的不确定性影响,对双光源法能见度测量系统进行改进。该系统利用避光筒限制CCD相机视场角,拍摄2个位于不同距离的LED背光源,然后对摄取到的图像进行处理得到光源图像的灰度值,再根据阿拉德定律求得大气消光系数,计算出大气能见度值。通过在无背景光、有背景光未加避光筒和加避光筒3种条件下的比对实验,分析光源图像的灰度信息,并将实验结果进行处理,得出有避光筒和无避光筒时测得的能见度值与无背景光下测量结果的相关系数分别是0.911 3和0.322 7,均方根相对偏差分别是6.87% 和23.38%。结果表明:系统抑制背景光噪声的能力明显增强,能较准确地测量夜间能见度。 相似文献
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为了处理水声信号,声纳阵列通常需要形成宽频带恒定束宽的波束。采用两种阵元加权方法分析二维圆弧形恒定束宽换能器声纳阵列:球面Legendre函数加权方法和柱面Legendre函数加权方法。分别对球面阵、柱面阵和平面阵这三种几何结构的声纳阵列进行分析,并且计算波束宽度和波束方向。结果表明,在宽频带范围内,除了柱面Legendre函数加权的球面阵之外,其余Legendre函数加权的声纳阵列均能利用简单的、不随频率变化的阵元权重和阵元延时,形成恒定束宽的波束,并且具有较小的旁瓣,此外波束方向与预设方向也较为一致。相对于其他恒定束宽波束形成方法,Legendre函数加权方法能利用较低的计算复杂度来实现良好的宽频带恒定束宽的波束特性。 相似文献
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通过视觉方法获取形状在科学研究及工程实践中有着重要作用,灰度图像是最容易获取的视觉信息之一。目前由灰度重构的形状(SFS,shape from shading)受到了广泛的关注,但现有的算法稳定性差、效率低,一直阻碍着SFS方法的推广应用。受近期的视觉心理学研究成果的启发,针对SFS问题,从局部分析入手,即:在图像上,在每一灰度极值点附近,根据灰度单调变化的情况,形成一个椭圆形邻域,对应着表面凹凸区;在每一椭圆域上,形状可用抛物面逼近,其参数可由局部辐射度约束求解;整个图像被椭圆形邻域覆盖,这些覆盖可构成一个二维流形;借助于流形上单位分解函数,各局部抛物面粘合在一起,形成光滑的整体形状;总体形状在整幅图像的灰度约束下再进行全局优化,可得到最终的重构结果。给出了初步算例,算法的稳定性和效率均有大幅度提高。 相似文献
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本文利用当今三维图形工作站提供的最新视觉化技术,动态显示多孔介质中流动的原理和方法,主要探讨三个问题:(1)改进参数场图像化的质量。力求以逼真的,生活化的三维图形显示参数场的分布;(2)尽可能加快动态显示速度,力求以更强的动感显示出流动过程中参数场的变化规律;(3)尽可能丰富图形编辑功能,提高人机联作交互性。 相似文献
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It has been reported that the luminance mechanism mediates shadow perception of binary images. We evaluated the luminance additivity law to determine whether shading, which is produced by gradual intensity changes, is mediated by luminance or brightness using pictures with tones: two still lives and a painting. They were depicted by two colors-a reference color and a test color. The reference color was white with a constant luminance profile, and the test color was a mixture of red and green in various proportions. The observer’s task was to adjust the luminance of the test color in order that the impression of depth due to shading just disappeared (shading disappearance setting), where the intensity that produced the shading supposed to be equated between the test and the reference colors. The results show that the luminance additivity law holds for shading disappearance settings. This suggests that shading perception is based on luminance or a luminance-type additive mechanism as well as shadow. 相似文献
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基于球扩展光源模型的物体三维形状的恢复 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
计算机视觉中传统的物体三维形状恢复方法大都基于光源是无穷远点光源的假设,如由单幅图像恢复三维形状(shapefromshading)光度立体视觉(photometricstereo)方法等。实际环境中的光源往往不能满足这个假设,因此大大限制了这些方法的应用,本文提出了一种更加实用的球扩光源模型,并推导出此光源下反射物体表面的反射图,此模型在三维坐标系中描述了球光源位置,亮度,漫反射物体表面反射度与 相似文献
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In this paper the improved photometric or the so called “Shape From Shading” method is presented. In comparison to known and established approaches the efficiency of the detector system was considered and the requirements of the cosine Lambert’s law for the angle distribution of the emitted electrons are suppressed. The method retrieves more accurate data of sub-micrometer substructures like diffractive optical elements (DOE) due to an increased lateral resolution and works more efficiently than widely used comparable techniques. 相似文献
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One of the most studied techniques for recovering surface shapes using a computer vision system is the photometric. This method is based on the analysis of one or several images of an object illuminated from a known direction . This kind of images can be considered reflectance maps that give us information of the surface gradient. In computer vision, the problem of recovering 3D information from shaded images is considered an inverse problem. To integrate surface gradient information it is proposed a regularization technique that gives a stable solution of the inverse problem and allows the possibility of reducing errors caused by noise. Results applied on synthetic and real experimental images are presented. 相似文献
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Anewapproachforrealizingtheopticalmorphologicaldilationof1-DgrayimagesHUANGGuoliang;JINGuofan;WUMinxian;YANYingbai(Dept.o,Pre... 相似文献
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