电喷雾/光电离双源型小型离子阱质谱仪的研制

构建了一套电喷雾/紫外灯双电离源离子阱质谱仪系统,用于气体和液体样品的快速检测.仪器采用非连续大气压进样技术,通过夹管阀装置来同时完成电喷雾离子和中性气态样品的采集和传输.所配备的两种电离源适合不同的分析对象,在应用上具有一定的互补性,其中电喷雾源用于溶液中极性化合物的电离,而紫外电离源主要用于分析气态有机物.本研究选择了苯甲醚、甲苯、2,4-二甲基苯胺、精氨酸、利血平和阿斯巴甜等不同类型的样品,测试了仪器在使用不同电离模式下的工作性能.结果表明,电喷雾源和紫外光电离源可用于不同类型样品的电离,在分析2,4-二甲基苯胺时还能分别生成不同类型的分子离子.两种电离源在工作时互不干扰,既能单独使用,也能同时开启,可根据检测需求随意切换工作模式,获得更全面的样品成分信息.双离子源设计是扩展小型质谱仪应用范围的一种有效途径,这种方案不会明显增加仪器的体积,却能提供更多样化的分析功能,满足对不同类型样品的检测需求.     

Boundary labeling: Models and efficient algorithms for rectangular maps

We introduce boundary labeling, a new model for labeling point sites with large labels. According to the boundary-labeling model, labels are placed around an axis-parallel rectangle that contains the point sites, each label is connected to its corresponding site through a polygonal line called leader, and no two leaders intersect. Although boundary labeling is commonly used, e.g., for technical drawings and illustrations in medical atlases, this problem has not yet been studied in the literature. The problem is interesting in that it is a mixture of a label-placement and a graph-drawing problem.

In this paper we investigate several variants of the boundary-labeling problem. We consider labels of identical or different size, straight-line or rectilinear leaders, fixed or sliding ports for attaching leaders to sites and attaching labels to one, two or all four sides of the bounding rectangle. For any variant of the boundary labeling model, we aim at highly esthetical placements of labels and leaders. We present simple and efficient algorithms that minimize the total leader length or, in the case of rectilinear leaders, the total number of bends.     

关于三维Minkowski空间中直线汇的一点补充

本文在[1]的基础上继续研究了三维Minkowski空间E31中,直线汇异于欧式空间的一些性质.     

Imposex and organotin body burden in the dog‐whelk (Nucella lapillus L.) along the Portuguese coast

Nucella lapillus imposex—superimposition of male characters onto prosobranch (a subclass of gastropod molluscs) females—and organotin female body burden were surveyed on the Portuguese coast, from Vila Praia de Âncora (northern limit) to Praia da Luz (southern limit), at 17 sampling stations, between May and August 2003. The vas deferens sequence index (VDSI), the relative penis size index (RPSI), the percentage of females affected with imposex (%I) and the percentage of sterile females (%S) were used to assess the level of imposex at each site. VDSI, RPSI and %I were 0.20–4.04, 0.0–42.2% and 16.7–100.0%, respectively. Sterile females were found at stations 2 (6.2%), 5 (4.0%) and 7 (5.0%). Tributyltin (TBT) and dibutyltin (DBT) female body burdens were 23–138 and <10–62 ng Sn/g dry weight, respectively. TBT female body burden was significantly correlated with RPSI and VDSI [Spearman rank order linear correlation: RPSI vs TBT body burden (b.b.) r = 0.71, p < 0.01; VDSI vs logTBT body burden r = 0.71, p < 0.01]. Imposex and TBT b.b. were highest at sites located in the proximity of harbours, where TBT leaching from antifouling paints is more intense owing to the high concentration of ships and dockyard activities. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

北仑地区的岸滩动态

本文依据水文、沉积和地貌资料,分析论证了北仑地区的岸滩动态,认为北仑地区岸滩已接近动态平衡,具备开辟深水良港的自然条件。     

Polynomial Time Approximation Scheme for Symmetric Rectilinear Steiner Arborescence Problem

The Symmetric Rectilinear Steiner Arborescence (SRStA) problem is defined as follows: given a set of terminals in the positive quadrant of the plane, connect them using horizontal and vertical lines such that each terminal can be reached from the origin via a y-monotone path and the total length of all the line segments is the minimum possible. Finding an SRStA has applications in VLSI design, in data structures used in some optimization algorithms and in dynamic server problems. In this paper, we provide a polynomial time approximation scheme for the SRStA problem, improving the previous best approximation ratio of 3 for this problem.     

Computation of waves generated by submarine landslides

Waves generated by submarine landslides are treated as three-dimensional flows of a perfect incompressible fluid. For the solution of the Cauchy-Poisson problem a time-discretization is applied which leads at each time step to a non-homogeneous free surface condition; the solution is then divided into two parts. The first part, subject to the true free surface condition, is computed in a simplified domain with constant depth. The second part involves a homogeneous free surface condition, a corrected bottom condition and the true bathymetry. In the case of constant depth, unconditional stability of the time discretization is derived. In the case of variable depth, mass and energy conservation is derived. Numerical results are presented. Comparison is made with other methods for the generation of axisymmetric waves. The transient propagation along a rectilinear coast is studied, including a comparison between two different bathymetries; trapping of energy is observed.     

仪器装置与实验技术小型矩形离子阱质谱仪的研制

研制的小型质谱仪以电子轰击源(EI)和矩形离子阱(RIT)质量分析器为核心部件,采用渗透阀控制的直接进样系统,高增益的电子倍增器用于离子检测,通过小信号放大系统对电子倍增器输出的弱电流再次放大,并输出电压信号,计算机上的NI数据采集卡和Labview操作软件对电压信号进行采集处理。由旋片机械泵和分子泵组成的真空系统可以形成10-5Pa的质谱工作环境。对研制的仪器进行了初步测试,得到了相应的质谱图,通过质量校正表明,结果令人满意。