Decreasing the Displacements of a Composite Saddle-Shaped Cable Roof

The structural possibilities of decreasing the compliance of a composite saddle-shaped cable roof having a compliant support contour are investigated. The use of a supporting contour consisting of cables joined together with tie-bars is considered as a structural method enabling one to decrease the compliance of the roof. Each cable of the support has its own initial flexure. The method is most efficient from the viewpoint of material consumption per unit of covered area relative to the increasing rigidity and prestress level of the cable net.The efficiency of the method was evaluated by a numerical experiment, which was carried out for a composite saddle-shaped cable roof 50 × 50 m in the plan. The roof was formed by two orthogonal cable groups joined with a compliant supporting contour. A hybrid composite cable based on a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic, a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, and steel was considered as a material for the cable net in combination with steel. The material consumption and the maximum vertical displacement of the cable net in relation to the initial geometrical characteristics of the supporting contour were obtained. A possibility of decreasing the maximum vertical displacements of the roof by 8% was established.     

小长径比垂直管气液两相流动特性分析

实验观察了小长径比垂直上流管内流型及特点,并对管入口处的压力波动特性和系统的压差波动特性进行了试验研究.结果表明:小长径比(L/D)垂直管内流型表现为泡状流、塞状流、乳沫状流、环状流和液束环状流;分别增加管线中的气量、液量,或者同时增加气液流量,均会造成垂直管入口处压力波动的均值和最大压力的增加;压力信号的概率密度(PDF)大部分呈双峰分布,也存在单峰和多峰分布;差压信号的概率密度符合正态分布,其功率谱密度同压力信号相比具有频率波动范围宽、幅值小的特点.     

基于"纵横向拉开档次法"的上市公司经营业绩评价

鉴于目前已具有较全面、完整、连续的有关上市公司各项指标的纵横向数据，为充分利用数据所蕴涵的信息，本文提出运用“纵横向拉开档次”的综合评价方法，其特点是使指标权重的确定能尽量将被评价对象在纵横向拉开档次。将该法运用于安徽地方板块的18家上市公司业绩评价，获得了各公司在1999～2001年间动态发展的分析结果。     

场效应管并联作为托卡马克垂直场反馈系统调节器的研究

一、引 言 利用垂直场反馈控制等离子体位移是所有托卡马克装置运行的重要组成部分。对于中小型的托卡马克装置,人们曾倾向于用大功率晶闸管作反馈系统的调节器。它所遇到的主要困难有:第一需要有一个较大功率的中频电源。无论是中频发电机或者是逆变器都需要有较大的投资。另一方面受到中频电源的频率及晶闸管的关断时间的限制使反馈系统的时间响     

DFT Calculations of the Ionization Potential and Electron Affinity of Alaninamide

Adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials (IPs) and valence electron affinities (EAs) of alaninamide in gas phase have been determined using density functional theory (BLYP,B3LYP,B3P86) methods with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set,respectively. IPs and EAs of alaninamide in solutions have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Five possible conformers of alaninamide and their charged states have been optimized employing density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-311++(d,p) basis set,respectively.     

Structure and property of the hydrogen bonding complex between triazines and water

The study of the intermolecular interactions that drive the solvation of six-membered nitrogenated aromatic rings is of particular importance since they are known to constitute key building blocks of pro- teins and nucleotides[1―5]. The investigation of the 1:1 adduct of these molecules with water will be the first step in the understanding of such interactions. These molecules possess two different proton-acceptor sites: the ring π cloud and the lone pairs of electrons on the nitrogen atoms…     

Material profile influences in bulk‐heterojunctions

The morphology in mixed bulk‐heterojunction films are compared using three different quantitative measurement techniques. We compare the vertical composition changes using high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy with electron tomography and neutron and x‐ray reflectometry. The three measurement techniques yield qualitatively comparable vertical concentration measurements. The presence of a metal cathode during thermal annealing is observed to alter the fullerene concentration throughout the thickness of the film for all measurements. However, the absolute vertical concentration of fullerene is quantitatively different for the three measurements. The origin of the quantitative measurement differences is discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014 , 52, 1291–1300     

Dynamic release process of pollutants during suspended sediment transport in aquatic system

Pollutants release is highly consistent with suspended sediment concentration （SSC） in water column, especially during re-suspension and transport events. The present research focuses on pollutant dynamic release from re-suspended sediment, especially the vertical distribution relationship between them. The sediment erosion experiments on a series of uniform flow are conducted in a circulate flume. Reactive tracer （phosphorus） is used as the contaminant in fine-grained sediments to identify the release characteristic length and time. Experimental results show that the flow condition near-bed depends on the sediment surface roughness. The region with high turbulent intensities corresponds to a high concentration sediment layer. In addition, the SSC decreases with the distance, water depth, and particle grain size. The sediment in a smaller grain size takes much more time to reach equilibrium concentration. Total phosphorus （TP） concentration changes along the water depth as SSC in the initial re-suspension stage, appearing in two obvious concentration regimes： the upper low-concentration layer and the high-concentration near-bottom layer. This layered phenomenon remains for about 3 hours until SSC distri- bution tends to be uniform. Longitudinal desorption plays an important role in long-way transport to reduce the amount of suspended sediment in water column.     

Fabrication of photoluminescent liquid crystal device using an in situ self-assembled molecular layer of a pyrene derivative

An in situ self-assembled molecular layer of 1-pyrenesulfonic acid sodium salt as an alignment agent was formed on indium tin oxide substrates for vertically aligning liquid crystals (LCs). The thus-aligned LCs exhibited uniform vertical alignment under crossed polarisers. The electro-optical characteristic of the LC cell fabricated using this method exhibited better performance than those of conventional LC cells with a polyimide alignment layer. Because the proposed alignment method is a simple one and involves low concentrations of the alignment agent (0.05 wt%), it is highly cost-effective. Further, the pyrene derivative, when mixed with LCs, exhibited photoluminescence (PL) under ultraviolet light. Given that the proposed method resulted in highly vertically aligned LCs and the alignment agent exhibited PL, the method should find wide use in the fabrication of colour-filter-free LC displays.     

Fast switching of vertically aligned negative liquid crystals by optically hidden relaxation

We propose a method for fast switching of vertically aligned (VA) negative liquid crystals (LCs) by hiding the relaxation process of LCs. During the turn-off process, a strong in-plane electric field is applied for a short duration of time instead of relying solely on the slow relaxation of LCs. The LC molecules are rotated to the transmission axis of one of the polarisers by the applied in-plane electric field, resulting in turn-off switching that is 5.8 times faster than that of a conventional VA cell. By applying an overdriving scheme, we experimentally obtained a total response time of 3.3 ms.