Sialon材料的合成及其反应机理研究进展

对Sialon的合成方法和相应的反应机理的研究成果进行了综述，并重点介绍了天然原料还原氮化合成Sialon的反应机理，指出天然原料合成Sialon的研究是未来几十年Sialon研究的一个重要方向。     

IR-spectra and phases structure of sialons

IR-spectra of Si–Al–O–N system ceramic materials with prevailing phase maintenance—X-phase, β-sialon, 15R obtained by carbothermal reduction and simultaneous nitration of kaolin at various proportions of kaolin and carbon were studied. Complex contours of absorption bands are divided into separate components. Separate components contours are approximated with Gauss function. Integral intensities of absorption bands are calculated. The totality of IR-spectra data of silicon and aluminium nitride absorption spectra, corundum as well as kaolin absorption spectra was used for interpretation of sialon spectra. It was shown that IR spectroscopy data correlate well with chemical structure of examined sialons and allow to obtain information enlarging X-ray data.     

（Ca,Mg）—Sialon陶瓷在空气及水润滑条件下的磨损机理研究

利用ＳＲＶ球－盘磨损试验机考察了一种（Ｃａ，Ｍｇ）－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ陶瓷在空气及水中的摩擦学性能，并采用ＥＰＭＡ，ＳＥＭ，ＥＤＡＸ以及ＸＰＳ等分析手段对其磨损机理做了进一步研究。结果表明：（Ｃａ，Ｍｇ）－Ｓｉａｌｏｎ陶瓷在水中比在空气中具有更低的摩擦因数，但具有较高的磨损体积损失。     

（Ca,Mg）—Sialon在几种含钠盐溶液润滑下的摩擦学特性

利用SRV球-盘摩擦磨损试验机考察了(Ca,Mg)-Sialon陶瓷/GCr15钢球在3种钠盐溶液中的摩擦学性能.试验结果表明:与干摩擦相比,盐溶液改善了(Ca,Mg)-Sialon陶瓷的摩擦学性能;(Ca,Mg)-Sialon陶瓷在不同介质中的磨损体积损失顺序为水>干摩擦>Na2S2O8≈Na2S2O3>Na2SO4;摩擦系数在干摩擦下最大,在3种钠盐溶液润滑下最小.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅立叶变换反射红外光谱(FT-IR)及电子探针(EPMA)分析结果表明,含硫盐同摩擦副表面发生了复杂的摩擦化学反应,从而导致盐溶液润滑性能的差异     

在油润滑条件下陶瓷对金属及金属对金属摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的研究

在油润滑条件下,用MHK-500环-块摩擦磨损试验机和弹簧加载磨损试验机就热压和无压烧结的Sialon陶瓷对金属,以及金属(GCr15钢和冷激铸铁)对金属摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能进行了试验研究。结果表明,不仅陶瓷对金属摩擦副的摩擦系数(在载荷>1000N时)比金属对金属摩擦副的低,而且陶瓷对金属摩擦副中的环、块磨损均比金属对金属摩擦副中的轻微。文章还就陶瓷的烧结工艺及其试块表面粗糙度对摩擦副性能的影响进行了讨论。热压烧结Sialon陶瓷的耐磨性能比无压烧结Sialon陶瓷的好,而前者对金属试环的磨损却比后者对金属试环的磨损严重,陶瓷试块的表面粗糙度越大,与之配副的金属试环的磨损越严重。作者认为,这是由于热压烧结Sialon陶瓷的致密度较高,故其耐磨性能较好,而无压烧结Sialon陶瓷具有一定的微小孔穴,这有利于润滑油的储存,因而可以降低对金属试环的磨损;陶瓷材料的硬度很高,其表面粗糙凸峰可以起磨粒作用而使金属试环发生磨粒磨损。     

Formation mechanism of Sialon in alumina-ferro-silicon-nitride composite under nitrogen atmosphere at high temperatures

Sialon bonded Al₂O₃ composites were successfully synthesized using ferro-silicon nitride and different alumina sources at 1500 °C and 1600 °C under N₂ atmosphere. Fused corundum, sintered alumina and the mixture of both were used as different alumina sources to evaluate their effects on the formation of Sialon phases. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAS). The results show that the Sialons (β-Sialon (Si₂Al₄O₄N₄) and 15R-Sialon (SiAl₄O₂N₄)) contents are dependent on the sintering temperature and alumina sources. Formation mechanism of Sialon in samples prepared with different alumina sources is different. Sintered alumina can react with Si₃N₄ directly to form Sialon. In sample prepared with fused corundum, AlON is formed first and then it reacts with Si to form Sialon. Sintered alumina exhibits better reactivity than fused corundum. Sialon is more stable than AlON under N₂ atmosphere at high temperature with the existence of carbon.     

Pr10[Si10−xAlxO9+xN17−x]Cl with x ≈ 1 – an Oxonitridoaluminosilicate Chloride

The oxonitridoaluminosilicate chloride Pr₁₀[Si_10?xAl_xO_9+xN_17?x]Cl was obtained by the reaction of praseodymium metal, the respective chloride, AlN and Al(OH)₃ with “Si(NH)₂” in a radiofrequency furnace at temperatures around 1900 °C. The crystal structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (Pbam, no. 55, Z = 2,a = 10.5973(8) Å, b = 11.1687(6) Å, c = 11.6179(7) Å, R1 = 0.0337). The sialon crystallizes isotypically to the oxonitridosilicate halides Ce₁₀[Si₁₀O₉N₁₇]Br, Nd₁₀[Si₁₀O₉N₁₇]Br and Nd₁₀[Si₁₀O₉N₁₇]Cl, which represent a new layered structure type. The structure refinement was performed utilizing an O/N‐distribution model according to Paulings rules, i.e. nitrogen was positioned on all bridging sites and mixed O/Noccupation was assumed on the terminal sites resulting in charge neutrality of the compounds. The Si and Al atoms were refined equally distributed on their three crystallographic sites, due to their poor distinguishability by X‐ray analysis. The tetrahedra layers of the structure consist of condensed [(Si,Al)N₂(O,N)₂] and [(Si,Al)N₃(O,N)] tetrahedra of Q² and Q³ type. The chemical composition of the compound was derived from electron probe micro analyses (EPMA).