INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES FOR POLYMER SYSTEMS BASED ON DYNAMIC RHEOLOGICAL APPROACHES

The dynamic theological measurements have been a preferred approach to the characterization of the structure and properties for multi-component or multi-phase polymer systems, due to its sensitive response to changes of structure for these heterogeneous polymers. In the present article, recent progresses in the studies on dynamic theology for heterogeneous polymer systems including polymeric composites filled with inorganic particles, thermo-oxidized polyolefins, phaseseparated polymeric blends and functional polymers with the scaling and percolation behavior are reviewed, mainly depending on the results by the authors‘ group. By means of theological measurements, not only some new fingerprints responsible for the evolution of morphology and structure concerning these polymer systems are obtained, the corresponding results are also significant for the design and preparation of novel polymer-based composites and functional materials.     

STUDY ON PHASE-SEPARATION OF PMMA/SAN BLENDS INDUCED BY GLASS BEADS THROUGH DYNAMIC RHEOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS

Based on the premise that the addition of glass beads （GB） could hardly influence the linear viscoelasticity in low frequency （ω） region for homogeneous polymer systems, the dynamic rheological behaviors of unfilled and filled poly（methyl methyacrylate） （PMMA）/poly（styrene-co-acrylonitrile） （SAN） blends were studied in order to explore the effect of GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix. Results show that GB has an induced effect on the phase-separation, which embodies that the phase-separation temperature （Ts） of PMMA/SAN blend filled with GB is lower than that of the unfilled system. The higher content of GB, the higher is the ＂secondary plateau＂ of ω in the terminal region of storage modulus （G＇） versus ω plot. The ＂secondary plateau＂ appearing in the terminal region is attributed to the phase-separation of PMMA/SAN blends and it becomes more fiat for filled polymer blends under the same conditions. However, it is suggested that this kind of ＂induced effect＂ is related to the GB content; the higher content of GB particles might enhance the interaction between the particles and polymer matrix. Moreover, it is found that the addition of GB also has an influence more or less on the morphology and domain size of polymer matrix. It is believed that the plot of dynamic viscosity （η＇） versus the loss viscosity （η＂） is sensitive to examine the effect induced by GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix.     

MORPHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS DURING PHASE-SEPARATION/ORDERING PHENOMENA

Abstract

The quantitative analysis of the morphological transformations in asymmetric and symmetric binary mixtures undergoing the phase separation has been reported. The general features of the bicontinuous morphology evolution have been discussed from the standpoint of the dynamic scaling hypothesis. The method for the quantitative characterization of the percolation transition by calculating the Euler characteristic has been described. It has been shown that the transformation of the bicontinuous morphology into droplets involves formation of the transient “cylindric” morphology composed of highly elongated, disconnected droplets.     

模板聚合法合成P(AM/AA)多嵌段共聚物的溶液性质和自缔合作用

研究了模板法合成多嵌段状丙烯酰胺(AM)和丙烯酸(AA)共聚物(简称模板共聚物TP)在水溶液中的溶液性质和缔合作用.结果表明,模板共聚物具有明显的结构效应.不同于无模板参与聚合的无规共聚物(CP),模板共聚物随着溶液pH的降低或加入多价金属离子容易发生相分离.透射电子显微镜(TEM)表明,加入Ca2+离子后,聚合物形成了大的分子间交联体,且随着Ca2+离子浓度的增加,交联程度增加,致使溶液产生相分离.随着溶液pH的升高,模板共聚物溶液粘度变化与丙烯酸均聚物具有相同的规律,都是先增大后减小,粘度有一个最大值,但模板共聚物溶液粘度升高幅度更大.TEM表明在粘度最大处形成了带状分子间缔合体.     

混合阴、阳离子表面活性剂溶液中的分子相互作用和相分离

混合阴、阳离子表面活性剂的表面活性比单一组份的表面活性高得多[1]．多年来，该体系的界面化学性质得到了广泛的研究［1，2］．但是，一旦该体系在水溶液中的浓度超过其临界胶团浓度（cmc）后，就将沉淀[3]或分层［2，4］，从而失去其表面活性．后来发现卜，司，在某些情况下，阴、阳离子混合表面活性剂的沉淀现象有所改善；但一直不易找到在相当大浓度范围内仍不分层的阴、阳离子表面活性剂混合体系．本文较为简明、系统地讨论了阴、阳离子表面活性剂的相互作用与沉淀或分相的关系．这对于该体系的深入研究以及实际应用，具有积极的意义…     

液晶聚合物/柔性链聚合物共混体系相分离形态

利用元胞动力学方法在二维情况下对浓度、取向序参量的含时Ginzberg-Landau方程进行数值求解,研究了液晶聚合物/柔性链聚合物共混体系的相分离动力学,考察了浓度、取向有序过程的耦合对相分离形态的影响.结果表明,此耦合作用对相分离的时间进程以及相分离图样的空间排布都有影响.液晶聚合物的取向有序相当于增加了两组分间的不相容性而促进两相分离;两个序参量在热力学方面的耦合使液晶聚合物趋向于沿着界面方向取向,而动力学方面的耦合使液晶聚合物分子沿着其取向方向扩散,相分离图样的空间排布由这两种效应共同决定通过极化率张量的定义用数值方法模拟得到了相分离体系的小角光散射图样,结果表明,散射强度分布具有方位角依赖性,它是由浓度、取向序参量的空间变化共同决定的.     

Poly(2-acetoxyethyl methacrylate)/polystyrene latex interpenetrating polymer networks with well-defined phase-separated structure

A series of poly(2-acetoxyethyl methacrylate)/polystyrene(PAEMA/PS) latex interpenetrating polymer networks(LIPNs) were prepared by seeded soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene on the crosslinked PAEMA seed particles using an oil-soluble initiator.These PAEMA/PS LIPNs showed a well-defined phase-separated structure with PS phase dispersing in continuous PAEMA phase.The domain size of PS phase was found to depend on the crosslinking degree of PAEMA seed particles and the amount of second-stage styrene monomer.     

磁力显微镜对相分离锰氧化物薄膜中反铁磁绝缘相融化的成像

用自制磁力显微镜研究了一个受各向异性应变的锰氧化物薄膜中的相分离以及由磁场导致的从反铁磁绝缘相到铁磁金属相的转变．磁力显微镜图片显示,在0 T这两种竞争的相就已经共存,且两种相 的畴呈非常明显的各向异性的条状分布,这可以定性解释输运上的各向异性．在2.1 T 以上,反铁磁绝缘相逐渐转变为铁磁金属相,并在3.2 T时结束．当去掉磁场时铁磁金属相能够保持．     

析相萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铁

研究了析相萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中铁的方法 ,在酸性条件下 ,Fe3 + 与SCN- 生成络合物 ,在适当的温度下 ,被TritonX 10 0 正辛醇 水体系萃取富集。析出相用火焰原子吸收进行测定。方法检出限为 0 .0 0 4 μg·ml- 1,用于水样中痕量铁的测定 ,结果满意