全文获取类型
收费全文 | 227篇 |
免费 | 2篇 |
国内免费 | 28篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 240篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 1篇 |
物理学 | 14篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 2篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 14篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 12篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 26篇 |
2007年 | 18篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 17篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 7篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有257条查询结果,搜索用时 753 毫秒
1.
Pier Luigi Luisi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1985,24(6):439-450
Reverse micelles are spheroidal aggregates formed by certain surfactants in apolar media. In contrast to normal micelles in water, the polar head groups of the surfactant molecules are directed towards the interior of the aggregate and form a polar core which can solubilize water (the “water pool”); the lipophilic chains are exposed to the solvent. The water of the water pool exhibits properties that (depending on the mole ratio of water to surfactant) differ from those of bulk water. Surprisingly, these reverse micelles are able to solubilize in hydrocarbon solvents hydrophilic molecules, e.g., enzymes and even plasmids, that are much larger than the original water-pool diameter. These biopolymer-containing reverse micelles can be viewed as novel microreactors, whose physical properties can be controlled through the water content. Remarkable is the ability of enzyme-containing micelles to react with water-insoluble, hydrocarbon-soluble substrates, as in the example of lipoxygenase with linoleic acid. 相似文献
2.
采用杂化碳酸钙微球作为模板, 利用LbL技术, 选择聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS), 烯丙基胺的盐酸盐(PAH)和二烯丙基二甲基胺盐酸盐(PADA)聚电解质, 分别组装了PAH/PSS(弱/强)聚电解质胶囊和PADA/PSS(强/强)聚电解质微胶囊. 除去模板后得到了球形良好、分散均匀的聚电解质微胶囊. 研究结果表明, 利用杂化碳酸钙微球作为聚电解质微胶囊的模板, 得到的微胶囊的囊壁厚而致密, 同时, 由于组装采用的聚电解质的种类不同, 囊壁的微观形貌有较大差异. 相似文献
3.
Somasundaran P Ananthapadmanabhan KP Deo P 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2005,290(2):357-363
Interactions of surfactants with solid substrates are important in the controlling of processes such as flotation, coating, flocculation and sedimentation. These interactions usually lead to adsorption on solids, but can also result in an exclusion of the reagents with dire consequences. In this work electrostatic exclusion of negatively charged dodecylbenzene sulfonate micelles from quartz/water, Bio-Sil/water and alumina/water interfaces has been investigated as a function of pH and ionic strength. Measurable negative adsorption of these surfactants from similarly charged solid/liquid interface was observed in the micellar region. In the case of porous samples with large surface area, comparison of pore size with the micelle size is necessary to avoid any erroneous conclusions regarding the role of electrostatic exclusion in a given system. A theoretical model for the electrostatic exclusion of micelles is developed and used to calculate the adsorption of negatively charged dodecylbenzene sulfonate on negatively charged quartz (pH 7), silica (Bio-Sil A, pH 3) and alumina (pH 11) in the micellar concentration region. The micellar exclusion values calculated using the model are in excellent agreement with the experimental results. 相似文献
4.
5.
We extend a previous small-angle neutron scattering study of sodium octanoate (NaC8) micelles to the ternary system sodium octanoate/pentanol/water. The use of contrast variation through selective deuteration of individual components together with explicit computation of interference effects, permits us to deduce the location of pentanol (C5OH) in the micelles. Our main conclusion is that, although the micelles grow as (C5OH) is solubilised, there is no concomitant variation in the NaC8 aggregation number. At low alcohol concentrations, the C5OH is located near the NaC8 polar heads, while at higher concentration the -OH groups are distributed throughout the micellar core. 相似文献
6.
Paula Messina Marcela A. Morini Pablo C. Schulz Gerardo Ferrat 《Colloid and polymer science》2002,280(4):328-335
We used a battery of different methods to study the association in aqueous sodium dehydrocholate (NaDHC) solutions. This
salt associates by a stepwise mechanism. Below (9.6 ± 4.2) × 10−4 mol dm−3 there is a molecular solution with some strongly insoluble dehydrocholic acid produced by hydrolysis. Between (9.6 ± 4.2) × 10−4 and (5.2 ± 2.2) × 10−3 mol dm−3, an aggregate similar to acid soap (NaDHC.HDHC) appears and its amount and the aggregate's size increase with concentration.
At =(2.20 ± 0.85) × 10−2 mol dm−3 the aggregates formed have properties usually associated with true micelles, such as solubilisation of water-insoluble dyes.
These aggregates increase in size with concentration and change their shape at 8 × 10−2 mol dm−3, giving nonsymmetrical aggregates. The changes in the solution physicochemical properties at these concentrations may be
misinterpreted and this explains the different values of the critical micelle concentration reported in the literature for
substances with similar structure, such as bile salts.
Received: 14 May 2001 Accepted: 10 August 2001 相似文献
7.
Kabir-ud-DinEmail author S.?M.?Shakeel?Iqubal Zaheer?Khan 《Colloid and polymer science》2005,284(3):276-283
Kinetics of the redox reaction between colloidal MnO2 and glycolic acid have been studied spectrophotometrically by monitoring the decay in the absorbance of colloidal MnO2 in absence and presence of surfactants. Anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate has no effect, non-ionic Triton X-100 catalyzed the reaction and experiments were not possible in presence of cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide due to the precipitation of MnO2.The reaction followed the same type of kinetic behavior, i.e., fractional-, first- and fractional-order dependencies, respectively, in [glycolic acid], [MnO2] and [H+ ] in both the media. Effects of gum arabic and manganese(II) have also been studied and discussed. Mechanisms in accordance with the experimental data are proposed for the reaction. 相似文献
8.
The analysis of the interaction of micelles formed by a blockcopolymer is given by means of small-angle X-ray (SAXS) and
small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The blockcopolymer consists of poly(styrene) and poly(ethylene oxide) (molecular weight
of each block: 1000 g/mol) and forms well-defined micelles (weight-association number: 400, weight-average diameter: 15.4 nm)
in water. The internal structure has been studied previously (Macromolecules 29:4006 (1996)) by SAXS. There it has been shown
that the micelles are spherical objects. The structure factor S(q) as a function of the scattering vector q (q=(4π/λ) sin (θ/2); λ: wavelength of the radiation in the medium; θ: scattering angle) can be extracted from both sets of small-angle
scattering data (SANS: q≤0.4 nm-1; SAXS: q≤0.6 nm-1). It is shown that particle interaction in the present system can be described by assuming soft interaction which is modeled
by a square-step potential.
Received: 12 May 1997 Accepted: 9 July 1997 相似文献
9.
Nilton Soares Camilo 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(13):2821-2823
The acid-catalyzed addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and activated olefins (silyl enol ethers and ethyl vinyl ether) to N-Boc-2-methoxypyrrolidine (1a) and N-Boc-2-methoxypiperidine (1b) in SDS/water medium is described. Good yields of the corresponding 2-substituted N-Boc pyrrolidines were generally observed from 1a while moderate yields prevailed from 1b. 相似文献
10.
A.M. Wasserman V.A. Kasaikin V.P. Timofeev 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》1998,54(14):2295-2308
The rotational mobility of spin probes of different shape and size in low molecular and polymer micelles has been studied. Several probes having nitroxide fragment localized either in the vicinity of micelle interface or in the hydrocarbon core have been used. Upon increasing the number of carbon atoms in hydrocarbon chain of detergent from 7 to 13 (sodium alkyl sulfate micelles) or from 12 to 16 (alkyltrimethylammonium bromide micelles) the rotational mobility of spin probes is decreased by the factor 1.5–2.0. The spin probe rotational mobility in polymer micelles (the complexes of alkyltrimethylammonium bromides and polymethacrylic or polyacrylic acids) is less than mobility in free micelles of the same surfactants. The study of EPR-spectra of spin labeled polymethacrylic acid (PMA) indicated that formation of water soluble complexes of polymer and alkyltrimethylammonium bromides in alkaline solutions (pH 9) does not affect the polymer segmental mobility. On the other hand, the polymer complexes formation in slightly acidic water solution (pH 6) breaks down the compact PMA conformation, thus increasing the polymer segmental mobility. Possible structures of polymer micelles are discussed. 相似文献