Apparent Kinetics of Co-Gasification of Biomass and Vacuum Gas Oil (VGO)

This communication reports the beneficial effects of co-gasification of biomass and residual oil to produce syngas. In this regard, various blends of glucose (a biomass surrogate) to vacuum gas oil (VGO) have been employed to investigate the synergic effects on the gasification process. The non-isothermal co-gasification experiments were conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer at different heating rates and gasifying agents. The analysis showed that the co-gasification rate increased with the increase of glucose content in the feedstock. The presence of the oxygen in the biomass molecules helped the overall gasification process. The maximum gasification rate of 42.70 wt/min (DTG_max) was observed with 25 wt% glucose containing sample. The use of gasifying agents appeared to have some influence, especially during high temperature gasification of the glucose-VGO blends. At a same gasification temperature, the co-gasification rate of glucose-VGO blends were found to be 125.7 wt/min and 98.59 wt%/min for N₂ and CO₂, respectively. The kinetics of the co-gasification of glucose-VGO blends was conducted based on modified random pore model using TGA experimental data and implemented in MATLAB. The estimated activation energy and rate constants were found to be consistent to the observed co-gasification rates. The apparent activation energies of co-gasification of VGO/biomass blends with different weight percentages shows values ranging 60.56–48.25 kJ/mol. The kinetics analysis suggested that the addition of biomass helped to increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy required for accomplishing the reactions compared with petroleum carbonaceous feedstocks. The reaction rate constants isotherms are plotted to show that the k-values are exhibiting similar trends at moderate heating rates between 20 and 60 °C/min. This remark arises due to the nature of the reactions involved which are considered to be inherently similar in this range of heating rate.     

白松木屑半焦与褐煤共气化过程中的协同效应

用环氧树脂E12为基体,配合酚类固化剂及其他助剂,经熔融共混制备出低温固化环氧粉末涂料。考察了固化剂、促进剂用量等对体系固化性能、附着力及耐冲击性的影响,并通过非等温差示扫描量热法及红外光谱研究了酚羟基/环氧体系的固化反应。实验结果表明:随着固化剂用量增加,涂膜耐冲击性能先提高后减小;随着促进剂用量的增加,体系固化温度降低,附着力和耐冲击性提高。固化剂、促进剂最佳用量分别为环氧树脂E-12用量的20%和2.0%。     

白松木屑半焦与褐煤共气化过程中的协同效应

对白松木屑在200、300和400℃下马弗炉烘焙预处理制得半焦,与胜利褐煤进行共气化研究.傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱分析表明,200和300℃制得白松木屑半焦中主要含有—C—O—、-CH3和-OH三种官能团,而400℃制得白松木屑半焦和褐煤结构相似,主要含有—C=C—、-C=O和-OH三种官能团,因此,随着预处理温度升高,生物质半焦中的官能团从单键转换成双键.然后通过热重分析仪和固定床反应器对所制得的松木屑半焦、褐煤单独气化以及它们的共气化进行比较,两者的实验结果相吻合.随着制备松木屑半焦的温度升高,生物质半焦单独气化的产气率也不断提高;200和400℃制得的松木屑半焦与褐煤共气化时具有协同作用,而且400℃半焦与褐煤共气化的产气率、碳转化率和协同效率均大于200℃半焦的;300℃半焦与褐煤共气化不存在协同作用,相反,它们之间存在抑制作用.结合热重分析和固定床实验,推断协同气化主要是热解阶段松木屑半焦中碱金属和氢原子作用的结果.     

白松木屑半焦与褐煤共气化过程中的协同效应

对白松木屑在200、300和400 ℃下马弗炉烘焙预处理制得半焦,与胜利褐煤进行共气化研究. 傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱分析表明,200和300 ℃制得白松木屑半焦中主要含有―C―O―、―CH₃和―OH三种官能团,而400 ℃制得白松木屑半焦和褐煤结构相似,主要含有―C=C―、―C=O和―OH三种官能团,因此,随着预处理温度升高,生物质半焦中的官能团从单键转换成双键. 然后通过热重分析仪和固定床反应器对所制得的松木屑半焦、褐煤单独气化以及它们的共气化进行比较,两者的实验结果相吻合. 随着制备松木屑半焦的温度升高,生物质半焦单独气化的产气率也不断提高;200和400 ℃制得的松木屑半焦与褐煤共气化时具有协同作用,而且400 ℃半焦与褐煤共气化的产气率、碳转化率和协同效率均大于200 ℃半焦的;300 ℃半焦与褐煤共气化不存在协同作用,相反,它们之间存在抑制作用. 结合热重分析和固定床实验,推断协同气化主要是热解阶段松木屑半焦中碱金属和氢原子作用的结果.