An investigation of the aromaticity of transition metal heterocyclic complexes by conventional criteria and indices of aromaticity

Conventional criteria and indices of aromaticity, including electronic, geometric, energetic and magnetic aspects have been applied to examine the aromaticity of five typical transition metal heterocyclic complexes, i.e. six-membered osmabezene 1 and iridabenzene 2, five-membered cobaltacyclopentadiene 3 and iridacyclopentadiene 4, and four-membered tungstacyclobutadiene 5. The results show that the cyclic, planar, conjugated and Hückel 4n+2 rule’s criteria in the transition-metal-containing heterocycles of the five complexes studied are all met. Five quantitative aromaticity indices, including Bird aromatic index (I_n), homodesmotic reaction aromatic stabilization energy (HASE), absolute hardness (η), diamagnetic susceptibility exaltation (Λ) and NMR chemical shift (δH), qualitatively lead to a consistent and affirmative conclusion that all of them are aromatic. However, they fail to draw a common conclusion for their relative magnitudes of aromaticity, which proves once again the multidimensional character of aromaticity.     

Geometry,stability and aromaticity of β-diketiminate-coordinated alkaline-earth compounds

Alkaline-earth (Ae) metals have attracted a wealth of interdependent research from synthetic chemists. In Ae-catalyzed organometallic reactions, β-diketiminate is a typical ligand used to stabilize Ae catalysts by forming six-membered rings comprising Ae metals. Herein, studies focusing on the configuration of β-diketiminate-coordinated Ae compounds observed that the CC and CN bonds are homogeneous and unchanged. Furthermore, energetic studies observed that the formation of the Ae-incorporated six-membered rings results in enhanced stability of >20 kcal/mol. The nucleus-independent chemical shifts, anisotropy of the induced current density, and molecular orbital analyses demonstrated the non-aromaticity of the β-diketiminate-coordinated Ae compounds. The improved stability of these compounds can be explained by the delocalization of the π electrons derived from the β-diketiminate moiety.     

土壤胡敏酸的^13C核磁共振研究

胡敏酸(HA)是土壤有机质的重要组分,其结构性质与土壤形成和肥力特性有密切关系,长期以来一直是土壤化学研究的难点和重点之一。NMR是研究HA结构的有效手段。自Bar-ton和Schnitzer(1963)首次用~1H NMR研究土壤有机质以来,国外已先后应用~1H、~(13)C NMR和CP-MAS-~(13)C NMR等对土壤及其它来源的HA进行了许多研究,并取得引人注目的进展。但在国内,这方面研究还刚刚开始。本文应用~(13)C NMR方法对东北几种主要耕作土壤以及泥炭和猪粪的HA进行了结构表征,为土壤腐殖酸化学的基础研究提供了资料。     

Novel expanded porphyrinoids with multiple-inner-ring-fusion and/or tunable aromaticity

Novel expanded porphyrinoids with advanced structure features have a wide range of benefits (such as multi-metal coordination and facile tunable aromaticity) not offered by their normal porphyrin analogues. Considering research efforts have been devoted to address their limited synthetic accessibility issue. This review highlights some of these recent synthetic progresses towards these novel expanded porphyrinoids.     

A theoretical study of the influence of BF3 on the reaction path of the [4+2] cycloaddition of vinylketene with formaldimine

A comprehensive B3LYP/6-31+G^∗ study of the influence of BF₃ on the [4+2] cycloaddition of vinylketene with formaldimine was conducted. For this purpose, the complete pathway was determined and changes in different magnetic properties (magnetic susceptibility, χ, magnetic susceptibility anisotropy, χ_anis, and the nucleus-independent chemical shifts, NICS) were monitored along the reaction profile with a view to estimate the aromatization associated to the process. We have also applied the ACID (anisotropy of the current-induced density) method with the same intention.     

Electronic structure of the enolate anion of chlorophyll b

The enolate anion of chlorophyll b (Chl b) has been synthesized under deoxygenated conditions and its electronic structure characterized for the first time by ¹H NMR and electronic absorption spectroscopy. The formation of the enolate anion caused a marked perturbation to the 18 π-electron [18]diazaannulene aromatic pathway of Chl b. This perturbation appeared as noticeable upfield shifts, exceeding 1 ppm, for the meso-CH protons of the Chl b enolate anion. Nevertheless, the enolate anion remained diatropic, maintaining aromaticity in its delocalized macrocycle.     

Structure and Aromaticity of AlCO-substituted Semibullvalene

The structures, energies and aromaticity (the nuclear-independent chemical shifts, NICS) of AlCO-substituted semibullvalenes were investigated at the B3LYP/6-311+G** level. Similar to BCO-substituted analogues, [2,6]-AlCO-semibullvalene is neutral bishomoaromatic. The NICS values reveal that the aromaticity of AlCO-substituted structures is smaller than that of BCO analogues.     

Using three major criteria to evaluate aromaticity of five-member C-containing rings and their Si-, N-, and P-substituted aromatic heterocyclics

In this paper, we used bond-length equalization, aromatic stabilization energies (ASE) and nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS), calculated with (density functional theory) B3LYP levels at the 6-311+G^** basis set, to evaluate the aromaticity of a set of 38 five-member planar π-electron aromatic systems: sila-, aza- and phospha- derivatives and their parent systems. The result revealed statistically significant correlations among the above three criteria, and the order of aromaticity of the whole set was: Aza- derivatives rings > Phospha- derivatives rings > Sila- derivatives rings > Carbon-containing rings; NICS(0.6) and NICS(0.8) had the same results in evaluating the order of aromaticity in our case.     

硒芳香杂环化合物的光谱和电化学性质

用紫外光谱，荧光光谱和循环伏安法研究了含硒芳香杂环化合物（苤硒脑）在不同溶剂中的谱学和电化学性质，对不同分子结构或取代基的苤硒脑化合物的性质进行了比较，并初步探讨了溶剂对苤硒脑化合物谱学性质的影响规律。     

Aromaticity of annulenes and annulene ions with 4v+2 electrons from the viewpoint of the theory of Hartree-Fock instabilities

The connection between the aromaticity of annulenes and annulene ions with 4v+2 -electrons and the stability of the closed-shell restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) solutions for these systems is discussed in the framework of the PPP-approximation. It is shown that the tendency towards an uniform electron density distribution in aromatic cycles is paralleled by the stability properties of the corresponding closed-shell RHF solutions. The stability investigations are demonstrated to provide realistic estimates of the critical ring sizes at which Hückel's 4v+2 rule breaks down.