Direct synthesis of propylene carbonate from propylene and carbon dioxide catalyzed by quaternary ammonium heteropolyphosphatotungstate–TBAB system

In this paper,we have developed a highly efficient method for the direct preparation of propylene carbonate from propylene and carbon dioxide(CO2) using quaternary ammonium heteropolyphosphatotungstate–quaternary ammonium halide catalytic system with anhydrous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant through one-pot two-step process.The effects of the amount of tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBAB),the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and other reaction conditions were investigated.The catalyst system gave an optimum propylene oxide yield(91%) at75°C in oxidation step and the highest propylene carbonate yield(99%) at 140°C and 3.0 MPa in cycloaddition step.Based on the results,a reaction mechanism has been proposed.     

直流射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积类金刚石碳薄膜的结构及摩擦学性能研究

利用直流射频等离子增强化学气相沉积技术在单晶硅表面制备了类金刚石碳薄膜．采用Raman光谱、红外光谱、x射线光电子能谱和原子力显微镜等研究了薄膜的微观结构和表面形貌,在UMT-2MT型摩擦磨损试验机上考察了薄膜在不同载荷与滑动速度下的摩擦学性能。结果表明：所制备的类金刚石碳薄膜具有典型的类金刚石结构特征,薄膜均匀、致密,表面粗糙度小,硬度较高;薄膜与Si3N4陶瓷球对摩时显示出良好的抗磨减摩性能;随着试验载荷与滑动速度的提高,薄膜的摩擦系数降低,耐磨寿命降低;薄膜的减摩抗磨性能同其在Si3N4陶瓷球偶件磨损表面形成的转移膜相关。     

大气边界层的一些空气动力学特征

本文在定常和中性温度层结条件下,首先介绍了均匀平坦地面上大气边界层的一些空气动力学特征,并将大气边界层与一般空气动力学边界层作了比较。然后介绍了地面粗糙度分布有阶跃变化以及非平坦地形上的大气边界层特征。文中说明,气流的平均流场结构以及湍流特性与均匀平坦地面的情形相比有显著不同。最后,提出了一些有待今后进一步研究的问题。     

EFFECTS OF FINELY DISPERSED METALLIC PALLADIUM ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES PRODUCED BY SOL-GEL TECHNIQUE

Nanosized palladium particles were incorporated into mesoporous silica matrix to obtain nanocomposites using the sol-gel technique. Effects of the finely dispersed metallic palladium on the microstructure and properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. By means of X-ray diffraction and optical absorption, it was found that palladium particles were 5-9 nm in diameter and their uniform dispersion in the mesoporous silica depended on both the content of the palladium and the structural features of the silica matrix. The results showed that the mixing method of preparation led to wider size distribution of the nanosized particles as compared to the immersion method, but dispersed degree was reduced. Although the incorporation of nanosized palladium particles could not substantially induce significant structural changes of the matrix, the apparent red-shifted optical absorptions for the nanocomposites were observed as compared to the parent monolithic silica, particularly with increase in palladium loading and calcination temperature.     

EFFECT OF POLYETHYLENEIMINE ON THE PROPERTIES OF CONCENTRATED SUSPENSIONS OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE MICROBEADS

The effect of polyethyleneimine (PEI) concentration on the properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) suspensions is studied with or without the addition of an electrolyte (barium acetate). Measurements of the apparent viscosity and the stability of TiO2 suspensions showed that PEI is an effective dispersant for TiO2 particles in suspension in the absence of an electrolyte, not only reducing the viscosity of the suspension but also increasing its stability. In the presence of an electrolyte, however, small quantities of polyethyleneimine could neither disperse the TiO2 particles nor de-crease the viscosity of the TiO2 suspensions; only PEI concentrations beyond saturation adsorption could perceptively improve the stabilitv of TiO2 suspensions.     

玻璃纤维带隙间环氧胶渗流特性的试验研究

 对环氧胶在含有玻璃纤维带的间隙中的渗流进行了试验研究. 通 过试验确定纤维的松紧度、输胶压力、抽口真空度和输胶温度等不同参 数对渗流流速的影响，为环氧胶的VPI(真空压力浸渍或浇铸)工艺提供 工艺参数.     

MODELING OF ORGANIC CARBON AEROSOL DISTRIBUTIONS OVER EAST ASIA IN THE SPRINGTIME

1. Introduction Atmospheric aerosols are a chemical mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in ambient air. They range in size from the smallest superfine particles, having di-ameters of a few nano-meters (nm), to coarse mode parti-cles, with diameters of several micrometers (mm) or more. From a climatic point of view, probably the most critical subset of atmospheric aerosols are those in the fine or accumulation mode, having diameters ranging from about 0.1 mm to a few micrometers. Th…     

Spin Polarization Properties of Na Doped Meridianal Tris（8-Hydroxyquinoline） Aluminum Studied by First Principles Calculations

We theoretically investigate the electronic structure and spin polarization properties of Na-doped meridianal tris（S-hydroxyquinoline） aluminum （Alq3） by first principles calculations. It is found that the spin density is distributed mainly in the Alq3 part in the Alq3：Na complex. Electron charge transfer takes place from the Na atom to the Alq3 molecule, which induces asymmetric changing of the molecule bond lengths, thus the spin density distribution becomes asymmetric. Spin polarization of the complex originates from the preferable filling of the spin-split nitrogen and carbon p-orbitals because of the different bond length changes of the Aiq3 molecule upon Na doping.     

Photolyses of mammalian carboxy-hemoglobin studied by photoacoustic calorimetry

The enthalpy and conformational volume changes in the photolyses of carboxy-hemoglobin (HbCO) of human, bovine, pig, horse and rabbit are investigated by photoacoustic calorimetry. Considering the time scales of the exciting laser pulse and the receiving ultrasound transducers (PVDF films and PZT ceramics), as well as the reaction lifetimes in the photolysis processes of HbCO, the measured results are related to the geminate recombination and tertiary relaxation in photolyses of HbCO. Moreover, the quantum yields of the five mammals are also measured by laser pump-probe technique. The results show that the dynamic parameters, such as enthalpy and conformational volume changes, differ between the processes of the geminate recombination and tertiary relaxation. Also, the dynamic parameters differ among the five mammals although some of them may be consistent with each other.     

Combining GPS carrier phase and Doppler observations for precise velocity determination

The truncation error and propagation error are analyzed for velocity determination through differential GPS carrier phase observations,and an approach for the choice of the best number of points for the central difference method is developed.In order to overcome the disadvantages of existing GPS velocity determination methods,a new velocity determination algorithm is presented,based on combining carrier phase and Doppler observations.The basic idea is that two types of observation are combined by adding the...