处理原子-辐射场相互作用系统的变分方法

用Heisenberg-Weyl(简H-W)群直积SU(2)群上的相干态表述了原子-辐射场相互作用系统的非平衡态统计力学.引入一个新定义的含时分布函数,将非平衡态下密度矩阵所满足的von Neumann方程转化成可分离变量的偏微分方程,给出了方程的形式解,算符的平均值表示.本文还就便于作微扰展开的相互作用绘景作了讨论.     

Two new C-glucofuranosyl isoflavones in puerarin injection

Two new C-glucofuranosyl isoflavones of impurities in puerarin injection were isolated.Their structures were determined to be 8-C-α-glucofuranosyl-7,4'-dihydroxyisoflavone and 8-C-β-glucofuranosyl-7,4'-dihydroxy-isoflavone by chemical and spectral analysis.     

聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)/聚丙烯酰胺无机/有机互穿网络水凝胶的制备及表征

通过紫外引发聚合方法制备了无机交联的聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAAm)/有机交联的聚丙烯酰胺(PAAm)互穿网络(IPN)水凝胶.利用FTIR和SEM分别表征了凝胶的化学结构和内部形态;测定了凝胶在高温(50℃)时的退溶胀性能;利用DMA和DSC分别研究了凝胶的储能模量随温度的变化及热相转变行为.研究表明,该IPN凝胶具有温度敏感性;与未互穿的无机交联PNIPAAm凝胶相比,IPN凝胶具有多孔的网络结构和超快的响应速率,如10min内失去90%的水;其储能模量增加了3～4倍,相转变行为变弱,而最低临界溶解温度(LCST)提高了1.4℃.     

Advances in Ordered Architecture Design of Composite Solid Electrolytes for Solid-State Lithium Batteries

Solid electrolyte lithium batteries are the next generation of advanced energy devices. The incorporation of solid electrolytes can significantly improve the safety issue of lithium-ion batteries. Organic-inorganic composite solid electrolytes (CSE) are promising candidates for solid-state batteries, but their application is mainly limited by low ionic conductivity. Many studies have shown that the architecture of ordered inorganic fillers in CSE can act as fast lithium-ion transfer channels by auxiliary means, thus significantly improving the ionic conductivities. This review summarises the recent advances in CSE with different dimensional inorganic fillers. Various effective strategies for the construction of ordered structures in CSE are then presented. The review concludes with an outlook on the future development of CSE. This review aims to provide researchers with an in-depth understanding of how to achieve ordered architectures in CSE for advanced solid state lithium batteries.     

Kerr偶奇相干态及其非经典性

本文对Ker偶奇相干态及其非经典性质进行了研究。结果表明:Kerr偶相干态可呈现周期性的二阶压缩效应,Kerr奇相干态则不存在这种压缩效应;但两者均可呈现周期性的振幅平方压缩效应,这与通常偶奇相干态的情形有所不同。     

纳米尺寸二硫化钼的制备与应用研究进展

二硫化钼(MoS₂)作为一种与石墨烯具有类似结构的材料, 近些年来受到了科学家们的越来越多的关注. 它凭借自身的层状结构, 独特的电子学、电化学性质, 大的比表面积以及表面改性的潜能, 在许多领域都有着广泛的应用. 本文简单论述了目前纳米尺寸MoS₂的制备方法, 包括微机械剥离、液相剥离、嵌锂法、水热反应、气相沉积以及热分解法等, 并对这些方法在制备纳米MoS₂中具备的优点和存在的不足作了简单点评. 另外, 介绍了纳米MoS₂在光电子器件、催化、传感、能量存储与转化等领域的应用研究进展, 并着重介绍了其在电化学和生物传感分析方面的应用研究现状, 并对未来纳米MoS₂的重点研究方向作出了展望. 从目前的研究来看, 纳米MoS₂在器件、能量存储和传感分析等应用方面存在着巨大的潜质, 有望成为一种继石墨烯之后性能十分优良的多功能材料.     

Sulfonated polyaniline‐graphene oxide hybrids: Synthesis and effect of monomer composition on the electrochemical signal for direct DNA detection

A variety of sulfonated polyaniline‐graphene oxide (SPAN‐GNO) nanocomposites based on GNO, aniline (ANI) and m‐aminobenzenesulfonic acid (ABSA) are prepared via changing the mole ratio of ANI to ABSA for the comparison of DNA sensing behavior. Self‐signals of SPAN‐GNO are employed for estimating the effect of preparation conditions [component, monomer composition (mole ratio of ANI to ABSA), and reaction time] on DNA immobilization and hybridization detection. Then, we find herein that the mole ratio of ANI to ABSA plays a lead role over other factors on hybridization efficiency. Meanwhile, the parallel experiments using methylene blue as the classic indicator verifies this conclusion. The results show that, by comparison with other mole ratio SPAN‐GNO nanocomposites‐modified electrodes, the mole ratio (2:3) exhibits the widest dynamic detection range from 1.0 × 10^?14 to 1.0 × 10^?6 M, as well as the lowest detection limit (3.06 × 10^?15 M). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 1762–1773     

A glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of molybdenum disulfide intercalated into self-doped polyaniline for the detection of bisphenol A

Thin-layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) was intercalated, via ultrasonic exfoliation, into self-doped polyaniline (SPAN). This material, when placed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), exhibits excellent electrical conductivity and synergistic catalytic activity with respect to the detection of bisphenol A (BPA). The electrochemical response of the modified GCE to BPA was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions, the oxidation peak current (measured best at 446 mV vs. SCE) is related to the concentration of BPA in the range from 1.0 nM to 1.0 μM, and the detection limit is 0.6 nM.

Thin-layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) was intercalated into self-doped polyaniline (SPAN) via ultrasonic exfoliation. The special conjugated structure and functional groups of MoS₂-SPAN composite help to adsorb BPA easily. MoS₂-SPAN has a synergistic effect for catalyzing the oxidation of BPA. The BPA electrochemical sensor based on MoS₂-SPAN has a high sensitivity and low detection limit.