谐振管谐振频率计算方法的研究

为了准确地计算声谐振管的谐振频率,提出了基于对管内声压分布进行理论模拟的声压模拟法,以及基于驻波最小点位置与管两端声阻抗关系的驻波最小点法。结果表明这两种方法因为考虑了声谐振管两端的声阻对谐振频率的影响,所得谐振频率更加精确、严格,所以特别适用于要求谐振管的谐振频率严格控制的声学领域。同时表明:声压模拟法与驻波最小点法虽然出发点不同,但谐振频率的计算结果完全相同。驻波最小点法计算比较方便,而声压模拟法在计算出谐振频率的同时,还可以给出管中的声压随位置的分布情况。  

压电扬声器驱动的热声制冷机中阻抗匹配研究

为了减小热声制冷机的体积,在热声系统中,采用具有较高工作频率的压电扬声器作为驱动源,因此,压电扬声器与热声谐振管的匹配成为研究和改进此类热声制冷系统性能的重要因素。采用电力声等效电路的方法,推导出扬声器输出声功率和电声转换效率的表达式,并为获得高声功率和高制冷效率,对扬声器和谐振管结构以及工作频率进行优化。结果表明,谐振管的谐振频率即为系统的最佳工作频率,而当系统总的抗性为零时,扬声器输出较大的声功率。然而系统效率与输出声功率不能同时达到最大值,因此在实际应用中只能采取折中的效果。  

Influence of the Nonlinearity of Loudspeakers on the Performance of Thermoacoustic Refrigerators Driven by Current and Voltage

The influence of the nonlinearity of electrodynamic loudspeakers on the performance of thermoacoustic refrigerators with the loudspeakers as acoustic sources is studied by nonlinear equivalent circuit models of electrodynamic loudspeakers driven by current and voltage. The simulated results demonstrate that there are different nonlinear effects between current-drive and voltage-drive refrigerators, and the differences are mainly induced by the motional electromotive force caused by the coil moving in the magnetic field. With voltage driving, the influence of the nonlinearity of the loudspeaker on the diaphragm displacement and acoustic output power is much smaller than that with current driving. Therefore, considering the nonlinearity of the loudspeakers, a proper driving method must be chosen according to the practical applications although little difference is found with the linear models.