Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper concerns the problem of fixed-time synchronization of master–slave Lorenz systems. The adaptive control and fixed-time control strategies are successfully... 相似文献
Optical Review - Fringe projection profilometry is widely used for the 3D measurement of real-world objects; however, quickly obtaining high-precision 3D measurements is an issue that needs to be... 相似文献
Organic solar cells (OSCs) harvesting indoor light are highly promising for emerging technologies, such as internet of things. Herein, the photovoltaic performance of PTB7-Th:PC71BM solar cells constructed using “optimized (with 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO))” and “non-optimized (without DIO)” processing conditions are compared for indoor and outdoor applications. We find that in comparison to the “optimized” solar cell, the “non-optimized” solar cell is less efficient under simulated solar light illumination (100 mW cm−2, spectral range 350–1100 nm), owing to significant bimolecular charge carrier recombination losses. However, under simulated indoor illumination (3.28 mW cm−2, spectral range 400–700 nm), bimolecular recombination losses are effective suppressed, thus the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell without DIO was increased to 14.7 %, higher than that of the solar cell with DIO (14.2 %). These results suggest that the common strategy used to optimize the OSCs could be undesired for indoor OSCs. We demonstrate that the efforts for realizing the desired “morphology” of the active layer for the outdoor OSCs may be unnecessary for indoor OSCs, allowing us to realize high-efficiency indoor OSCs using a non-halogenated solvent. 相似文献
In this paper, we investigate the existence of triple positive solutions of boundary value problems for high-order fractional differential equation at resonance with singularities by using the fixed point index theory and the Leggett-Williams theorem. The spectral theory and some new height functions are also employed to establish the existence of triple positive solutions. The nonlinearity involved is arbitrary fractional derivative, and permits singularity. 相似文献
Nonlinear Dynamics - The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the finite-time stability of Hadamard fractional differential equations (HFDEs). Firstly, the standard definitions of... 相似文献
Several p H-dependent processes and reactions take place in the human body;hence,the p H of body fluids is the best indicator of disturbed health conditions.However,accurate and real-time diagnosis of the p H of body fluids is complicated because of limited commercially available p H sensors.Hence,we aimed to prepare a flexible,transparent,disposable,userfriendly,and economic strip-based solid-state p H sensor using palladium nanoparticles(Pd NPs)/N-doped carbon(NC)composite material.The Pd NPs/NC composite material was synthesized using wool keratin(WK)as a precursor.The insitu prepared Pd NPs played a key role in the controlled switching of protein structure to the N-doped carbon skeleton withπ–πarrangement at the mesoscale level,which mimics the A–B type polymeric structure,and hence,is highly susceptible to H+ions.The optimized carbonization condition in the presence of Pd NPs showed that the material obtained using a modified Ag/Ag Cl reference electrode had the highest p H sensitivity with excellent stability and durability.The optimized p H sensor showed high specificity and selectivity with a sensitivity of 55 m V/p H unit and a relative standard deviation of 0.79%.This study is the first to synthesize Pd NPs using WK as a stabilizing and reducing agent.The applicability of the sensor was investigated for biological samples,namely,saliva and gastric juices.The proposed protocol and material have implications in solid-state chemistry,where biological material will be the best choice for the synthesis of materials with anticipated performance. 相似文献
Side-chain engineering has been demonstrated as an effective method for fine-tuning the optical, electrical, and morphological properties of organic semiconductors toward efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, three isomeric non-fullerene small molecule acceptors (SMAs), named BTP-4F-T2C8, BTP-4F-T2EH and BTP-4F-T3EH, with linear and branched alkyl chains substituted on the α or β positions of thiophene as the side chains, were synthesized and systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the size and substitution position of alkyl side chains can greatly affect the electronic properties, molecular packing as well as crystallinity of the SMAs. After blending with donor polymer D18-Cl, the prominent device performance of 18.25% was achieved by the BTP-4F-T3EH-based solar cells, which is higher than those of the BTP-4F-T2EH-based (17.41%) and BTP-4F-T2C8-based (15.92%) ones. The enhanced performance of the BTP-4F-T3EH-based devices is attributed to its stronger crystallinity, higher electron mobility, suppressed biomolecular recombination, and the appropriate intermolecular interaction with the donor polymer. This work reveals that the side chain isomerization strategy can be a practical way in tuning the molecular packing and blend morphology for improving the performance of organic solar cells.