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Forward degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) processes are investigated with a femtosecond pulsed laser in lithium niobate crystal doubly-doped with magnesium and iron (LiNbO3:Fe, Mg). The pulse energy dependence reveals a pure third-order nonlinear response, and the third-order nonlinear susceptibility x^(3) in the material is evaluated to be 4.96 × 10^-13 esu. The time-resolved DFWM process shows a response time of x^(3) shorter than 100fs, which is due to the nonresonant electronic nonlinearities. Our results indicate that LiNbO3 crystals have potentials for ultrafast real-time optical processing systems, which require a large and fast x^(3) optical nonlinearity.  相似文献   
2.
We investigate the backscattering for converging beams in iron-doped lithium niobate crystals. Due to the nonlinear properties of the crystal, backscattering exhibits temporally fluctuating speckles that make a transition to the phase conjugate of the incident beam under certain circumstances. Our observation seems to point to a new kind of self-pumped phase conjugation in photorefractive media.  相似文献   
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