Synthesis and Crystal Structure Analysis of 3,3'-[(3-Sulfanyl Phenyl)Methylene]Bis(4-Hydroxy-2H-1-Benzopyran-2-One) : 5-Methyl-1,3-Thiazol-2(3H)-Imine

Crystallography Reports - The structure of 3,3'-[(3-sulfanylphenyl)methylene]bis(4-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one) : 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine was determined by X-ray crystallography. It...     

Morphological,mechanical, and in vitro cytocompatibility analysis of poly(vinyl alcohol)–silica glass hybrid scaffolds reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals

Cellulose nanocrystal-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol)/silica glass hybrid scaffolds were fabricated using the freeze-drying method. In this study, we develop molecular-level-based hybrid scaffolds with possible bioactivity behavior by adding silica sol–gel. The results showed a highly porous structure and a significant improvement in mechanical performance (stiffness) of hybrid scaffolds with an increased content of cellulose nanocrystals followed by the addition of silica-based bioactive glass. In vitro cell study with MC3T3-E1 cells on hybrid scaffolds for 1 and 3 days revealed good cell adhesion and growth. Thus, the obtained hybrid scaffold may be a competitive candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.     

Electrochemical approach for synthesis of 3-substituted indole derivatives

An efficient and economical method was developed for synthesis of 3-substituted indole by using electrochemically induced condensation of various aldehyde, indole and malononitrile.     

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial potentials of nano cobalt oxide with standard antimicrobials

Development of suitable potent antimicrobial is the urgent need of modern era to cope up the problem of antimicrobial resistance. The applications of nanotechnology in metal oxides have shown favorable effects to some extent in this area. Thus, the present study was investigated to evaluate the antibacterial properties of cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄) nanoparticles at different concentrations and their comparison with standard antimicrobials i.e. tetracycline and gentamicin. Nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by standard techniques. The antibacterial potentials of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles against S. aureus and E. coli were determined at various concentrations. The maximum zone of inhibitions of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles against S. aureus and E. coli at 500 μg/ml were 21.17 mm and 24.00 mm, respectively. The Co₃O₄ nanoparticles seemed more effective than gentamicin against S. aureus and E. coli. The nanoparticles with respect to tetracycline showed higher than 1 activity index at ≥ 125 μg/ml for E. coli and ≥31.25 μg/ml for S. aureus. It was also higher than 1 at all compared concentrations with respect to gentamicin against both bacteria. In conclusion, Co₃O₄ nanoparticles seemed to have potent antibacterial potential and these might be very helpful to replace the conventional antimicrobials to solve the problem of antibacterial resistance.     

Synthesis and computational studies of potent antimicrobial and anticancer indolone scaffolds with spiro cyclopropyl moiety as a novel design element

The indolones nucleus is the central core to develop new effective anticancer agents and its substitution at the 3-position can affect antitumor activity, 3-spirocyclopropyl-2-oxindoles have attracted the scientist's community to design and develop expedition's strategies towards their construction and explore the potential of this useful scaffold with their newer derivatives in medicinal world. The present paper describes the synthesis of 3-spirocyclopropyl-2-indolone derivatives in three steps via synthesis of ylide leading to methylene-indolinones followed by the formation of the final product spirocyclopropyl oxindole derivatives with improved yields. In this milieu we considered motivating to advance exploration the biological potencies and computational studies of our newly synthesized molecules. The aimed target molecules were screened for antimicrobial and anticancer activities where they exhibited substantial effective antimicrobial activities. Amongst them, potent compound, bromospirocyclopropyl indolone, 6d displayed encouraging MIC ranging from 0.007 to 0.49 μg/mL for gram positive microbes and also substantial anticancer activity with an IC₅₀ of 11.5 μg/mL. Finally, the computational modelling studies were performed to explore structure-activity relationship analysis. Active site of receptor protein shows docking scores of these molecules as - 5.78 kcal/mol and ?5.097 kcal/mol for the docked target proteins. The binding energy of the best score is found to be ?41.67 kcal/mol to ?44.67 kcal/mol. Thus, the present paper efficaciously validated spirocyclopropyl indolone framework for drug candidates as potent anticancer as well as antimicrobial compounds.     

The Molecular-Kinetic Approach to Hydrolysis of Boron Hydrides for Hydrogen Production

Kinetics and Catalysis - In this study, Langmuir–Hinshelwood and Michaelis–Menten kinetic models are applied to describe the kinetic behaviour of the Co–B catalyst in the...     

Investigation of the reaction mechanism and kinetics of production of anhydrous sodium metaborate (NaBO2) by a solid-state reaction

In this study, the solid-state reaction mechanism and kinetics were investigated for production of anhydrous sodium metaborate (NaBO₂), an industrially and technologically important boron compound. To assess the kinetics of solid-state production of NaBO₂, the chemical reaction between borax (Na₂B₄O₇) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was investigated by use of the thermal analysis techniques thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). DTA curves obtained under non-isothermal conditions at different heating rates (5, 10 and 20 °C/min), revealed five endothermic peaks corresponding to five solid-state reactions occurring at 70, 130, 295, 463, and 595 °C. The stages of the solid-state reaction used for production NaBO₂ were also analyzed by XRD, which showed that at 70 and 130 °C, Na₂B₄O₇ and NaOH particles contacted between the grains, and diffusion was initiated at the interface. However, there was not yet any observable formation of NaBO₂. Formation of NaBO₂ was initiated and sustained from 295 to 463 °C, and then completed at 595 °C; the product was anhydrous NaBO₂. Activation energies (E _a) of the solid-state reactions were calculated from the weight loss based on the Arrhenius model; it was found that in the initial stages of the solid-state reaction E _a values were lower than in the last three steps.