Control over Nanostructures and Associated Mesomorphic Properties of Doped Self‐Assembled Triarylamine Liquid Crystals

We have synthesized a series of triarylamine‐cored molecules equipped with an adjacent amide moiety and dendritic peripheral tails in a variety of modes. We show by ¹H NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy that their supramolecular self‐assembly can be promoted in solution upon light stimulation and radical initiation. In addition, we have probed their molecular arrangements and mesomorphic properties in the bulk by integrated studies on their film state by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), variable‐temperature polarizing optical microscopy (VT‐POM), variable‐temperature X‐ray diffraction (VT‐XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Differences in the number and the disposition of the peripheral tails significantly affect their mesomorphic properties associated with their lamellar‐ or columnar‐packed nanostructures, which are based on segregated stacks of the triphenylamine cores and the lipophilic/lipophobic periphery. Such structural tuning is of interest for implementation of these soft self‐assemblies as electroactive materials from solution to mesophases.     

A tunable microwave notch absorber filter

A magnetized plasma column is found to be a notch absorber of microwave radiation propagating in the extraordinary mode. Based on this fact, a compact tunable microwave filter is designed and tested successfully. The center frequency of the absorbed band can be varied by adjusting the background magnetic field stength. The 3dB bandwidth and amount of attenuation are functions of the plasma current. These characteristics offer a great tunability, often sought after in microwave devices. This filter can find applications in microwave measurement systems where filtering of unwanted harmonics and spurious signals can directly affect the accuracy and resolution of the measurements.     

Hygrometric Determination of Water Activities and Osmotic and Activity Coefficients of NH4Cl–LiCl–H2O at 25°C

The mixed aqueous electrolyte system of ammonium and lithium chlorides has been studied by the hygrometric method at 25°C. The relative humidities of this system are measured at total molalities from 0.3 to 6 mol-kg^{– 1} for different ionic-strength fractions y of NH₄Cl with y = 0.33, 0.50, and 0.67. The data obtained allow the deduction of new water activities and osmotic coefficients. The experimental results are compared with the predictions of the ECA (extended composed additivity) law proposed in our previous work. The Zdanovskii–Stokes–Robinson (ZSR), the Robinson–Stokes (RS), Reilly–Wood–Robinson (RWR), the Pitzer, and the Lietzke–Stoughton (LS II) models are also compared with our results. Predictions made using these models are, in general, consistent with our results. From these measurements, new Pitzer mixing ionic parameters are determined and used to predict the solute activity coefficients in the mixture for different ionic-strength fractions.     

Scattering of electromagnetic waves by a layer of air plasma surrounding a conducting cylinder

In this paper, the total scattering and back-scattering cross-sections (respectively represented by and _b) of an air plasma layer surrounding a conducting cylinder are studied. The plasma layer can be turned ON and OFF to allow for a comparison between the scattering cross-section of the bare cylinder and the plasma covered cylinder. The plasma layer is generated at atmospheric pressure, which results in a very highly collisional case. The scattered fields are calculated using a cylindrical expansion, with coefficients satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions, and which are a function of the refractive index of the air plasma. The results of our study are presented as plots of the total scattering cross-section, , and back-scattering cross-section, _b, versus frequency. The scattering cross-section gives an average characteristic of the scattering process from obstacles. Once the scattering cross-section is known, the actual scattered energy per unit length per second can be calculated by multiplying by the incident energy per unit area per second.     

Physical,chemical and biological studies on transition metal complexes of chelating tridentate ligand

Summary The interaction of 1-benzoin-4-phenylthiosemicarbazone (H₂ BPS) with some transition metal ions has been investigated. The ligand can function as a tridentate chelating agent, giving M(HBPS)₂ and M(BPS). Potentiometric studies proved that the mechanism of chelation is based on hydrogen ion liberation. Spectral studies in solution show that the ligand could be used for the microdetermination of Cu^IIions. On the basis of magnetic and spectral data, an octahedral structure is proposed for the Co^II and Ni^II complexes and a square-planar structure for the Cu^II complex. The corrosion inhibition of aluminium in Cl₃CCO₂H using H₂BPS is studied. The electrical conductivity of H₂BPS and of its complexes have been measured. The ligand shows an activation energy in the range of semiconducting materials. The antimicrobial activity of all compounds has also been demonstrated.     

Photochemically induced fluorescence investigation of aβ-cyclodextrin: Azure A inclusion complex and determination of analytical parameters

The photooxidation of Azure A and fluorescence properties of Azure A and its photoproduct have been investigated in aqueous media and in the presence of-cyclodextrin (-CD). The fluorescence intensity of the complex formed between the photoproduct and -CD was found to be three times higher than that of the uncomplexed Azure A photoproduct. A complex formation constant of 110±40 M^–1 was calculated using the Benesi-Hildebrand treatment of the fluorescence emission data. Although the stoichiometry of the Azure A photoproduct: -CD complex was found to be 1: 1, it seems that the Azure A structure is only partially included. Calibration graphs were plotted for the free Azure A photoproduct and the photogenerated product included in -CD. The analytical parameters and quantification limits were determined.     

Hygrometric Determination of Water Activities, Osmotic and Activity Coefficients, and Excess Gibbs Energy of the System MgSO4–K2SO4–H2O

Ternary aqueous solutions of MgSO₄ and K₂SO₄ have been studied by the hygrometric method at 25°C. The relative humidity of this system is measured at total molalities from 0.35 mol-kg^–1 to about saturation for three ionic-strength fractions (y = 0.25, 0.50, and 0.80 of MgSO₄. The data allow calculation of water activities and osmotic coefficients. From these measurements, the Pitzer ionic mixing parameters are determined and used to predict the solute activity coefficients in the mixture. The results are used to calculate the excess Gibbs energy at total molalities for ionic-strength fraction y.     

Covalently Trapped Triarylamine-Based Supramolecular Polymers

C₃-Symmetric triarylamine trisamides (TATAs), decorated with three norbornene end groups, undergo supramolecular polymerization and further gelation by π–π stacking and hydrogen bonding of their TATA cores. By using subsequent ring-opening metathesis polymerization, these physical gels are permanently crosslinked into chemical gels. Detailed comparisons of the supramolecular stacks in solution, in the physical gel, and in the chemical gel states, are performed by optical spectroscopies, electronic spectroscopies, atomic force microscopy, electronic paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray scattering, electronic transport measurements, and rheology. The results presented here clearly evidence that the core structure of the functional supramolecular polymers can be precisely retained during the covalent capture whereas the mechanical properties of the gels are concomitantly improved, with an increase of their storage modulus by two orders of magnitude.     

SPDE with generalized drift and fractional-type noise

We consider a stochastic partial differential equation involving a second order differential operator whose drift is discontinuous. The equation is driven by a Gaussian noise which behaves as a Wiener process in space and the time covariance generates a signed measure. This class includes the Brownian motion, fractional Brownian motion and other related processes. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of the solution and we study the path regularity of this solution.     

Electron Ionization Mass Spectra of Organophosphorus Compounds. Part III: Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Diethyl Spiro[Pyrimidino[5,3′][1,2]Oxazole] Phosphonate,Diethyl (Oxazolo[5,4-D]Pyrimidine-4,6-Dione)Phosphonate,and Diethyl (Pyrimidino[4,5-B][1,4]Oxazine)Phosphonate Derivatives

Abstract

Fragmentation pathways of 14 organophosphorus compounds derived from diethyl spiro[pyrimidino[5,3][1,2]oxazole] phosphonates, diethyl (oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-4,6-dione)phosphonates, and diethyl (pyrimidino[4,5-b][1,4] oxazine)phosphonates were investigated by electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS). The intensity of the recorded molecular ion peaks showed various values depending on the nature of the compounds. Characteristic fragment ions were formed by successive loss of simple functional groups followed by decomposition of heterocycles connected to pyrimidine rings.