Distribution dependent stochastic differential equations

Due to their intrinsic link with nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations and many other applications, distribution dependent stochastic differential equations (DDSDEs) have been intensively investigated. In this paper, we summarize some recent progresses in the study of DDSDEs, which include the correspondence of weak solutions and nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations, the well-posedness, regularity estimates, exponential ergodicity, long time large deviations, and comparison theorems.     

一种通过梯形PPMgLN波导倍频实现带宽可调谐光源的理论研究

本文设计了一种梯形的周期极化掺镁铌酸锂(PPMgLN)波导,并通过在传播方向上引入温度梯度来拓宽其倍频(SHG)过程的泵浦光源可接收带宽。通过有限差分的光束传输法,计算波导的有效折射率,并进行波导尺寸的设计。结果表明,通过改变梯形波导不同位置的温度,使其形成一个温度梯度,可拓宽泵浦光源的波长可接收带宽。本文所设计的PPMgLN波导最大泵浦光源可接收带宽为C波段,即1 530~1 565 nm,该波导可倍频C波段,得到输出波段带宽为765~782.5 nm,温度调谐范围为30~150 ℃。     

基于Green-Naghdi模型与三相延迟模型的耦合热弹性波传播

研究了基于G-N模型与三项延迟模型的热弹性波的传播特征.在各种广义热弹性理论中,热位移概念的引入使得G-N模型具有独特性质而引起广泛的关注和应用.基于G-N模型,最近一个三相延迟模型被提出.主要研究了这两种模型下第一和第二声波(耦合热弹性波)的色散和衰减特性,分析了温度场和位移场在两种模型下的振幅比和相位差.结果发现三相延迟模型更为通用和灵活,应得到更多的关注与应用.     

从废水到新能源:光催化燃料电池的优化与应用

随着经济的飞速发展,社会对能源的需求日益扩大,对工业废水的无害化处理也提出了更高的要求。光催化燃料电池 (photocatalytic fuel cell, PFC) 在燃料电池中引入半导体光催化材料作为电极,实现了有机污染物高效降解和同步对外产电的双重功能,在废水无害化与资源化利用方面具有潜在的应用价值。半导体光催化电极是PFC系统高效运行的核心组件,增强其可见光响应和光生载流子分离是提高PFC性能的关键策略。反应器结构设计和运行参数优化也有利于改善PFC性能。本文从PFC基本原理和应用入手,综述了PFC在环境污染物资源化处理中的研究进展,并详细阐述了提高PFC的污染控制性能和产电效率的优化手段,为进一步设计高效稳定的PFC系统并实现其在水污染控制和清洁能源生产中的应用提供理论指导。     

Unveiling the Layer‐Dependent Catalytic Activity of PtSe2 Atomic Crystals for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Two‐dimensional (2D) PtSe₂ shows the most prominent layer‐dependent electrical properties among various 2D materials and high catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and therefore, it is an ideal material for exploring the structure–activity correlations in 2D systems. Here, starting with the synthesis of single‐crystalline 2D PtSe₂ with a controlled number of layers and probing the HER catalytic activity of individual flakes in micro electrochemical cells, we investigated the layer‐dependent HER catalytic activity of 2D PtSe₂ from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. We clearly demonstrated how the number of layers affects the number of active sites, the electronic structures, and electrical properties of 2D PtSe₂ flakes and thus alters their catalytic performance for HER. Our results also highlight the importance of efficient electron transfer in achieving optimum activity for ultrathin electrocatalysts. Our studies greatly enrich our understanding of the structure–activity correlations for 2D catalysts and provide new insight for the design and synthesis of ultrathin catalysts with high activity.     

Momentum and heat transfer of a special case of the unsteady stagnation-point flow

This paper investigates the unsteady stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a moving plate with mass transfer,which is also an exact solution to the unsteady Navier-Stokes(NS)equations.The boundary layer energy equation is solved with the closed form solutions for prescribed wall temperature and prescribed wall heat flux conditions.The wall temperature and heat flux have power dependence on both time and spatial distance.The solution domain,the velocity distribution,the flow field,and the temperature distribution in the fluids are studied for different controlling parameters.These parameters include the Prandtl number,the mass transfer parameter at the wall,the wall moving parameter,the time power index,and the spatial power index.It is found that two solution branches exist for certain combinations of the controlling parameters for the flow and heat transfer problems.The heat transfer solutions are given by the confluent hypergeometric function of the first kind,which can be simplified into the incomplete gamma functions for special conditions.The wall heat flux and temperature profiles show very complicated variation behaviors.The wall heat flux can have multiple poles under certain given controlling parameters,and the temperature can have significant oscillations with overshoot and negative values in the boundary layers.The relationship between the number of poles in the wall heat flux and the number of zero-crossing points is identified.The difference in the results of the prescribed wall temperature case and the prescribed wall heat flux case is analyzed.Results given in this paper provide a rare closed form analytical solution to the entire unsteady NS equations,which can be used as a benchmark problem for numerical code validation.     

Suppressing Strong Exciton–Phonon Coupling in Blue Perovskite Nanoplatelet Solids by Binary Systems

Quasi-two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are promising candidates for light generation owing to their high radiative rates. However, strong exciton–phonon interactions caused by mechanical softening of the surface act as a bottleneck in improving their suitability for a wide range of lighting and display applications. Moreover, it is not easily available to tune the phonon interactions in bulk films. Here, we adopt bottom-up fabricated blue emissive perovskite nanoplatelets (NPLs) as model systems to elucidate and as well as tune the phonon interactions via engineering of binary NPL solids. By optimizing component domains, the phonon coupling strength can be reduced by a factor of 2 driven by the delocalization of 2D excitons in out-of-plane orientations. It shows the picosecond energy transfer originated from the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiently competes with the exciton–phonon interactions in the binary system.     

基于三维荧光光谱法和PARAFAC对多环芳烃定性定量分析

三维荧光光谱法在研究多环芳烃(PAHs)类物质的荧光信息时起到了重要作用。多环芳烃类物质具有致癌性,难降解性,多由尾气排放,垃圾焚烧产生,危害着人类健康及环境,因此人们不断探索对多环芳烃检测的方法。实验选取多环芳烃中的苊和萘作为检测物质,利用FLS920荧光光谱仪,为避免荧光光谱仪本身产生的瑞利散射影响,设置起始的发射波长滞后激发波长40 nm,设置扫描的激发波长(λex)范围为:200~370 nm,发射波长(λem)范围为:240~390 nm,对多环芳烃进行荧光扫描获取荧光数据,采用三维荧光光谱技术结合平行因子算法对混合溶液中的苊和萘进行定性定量分析。实验选用的苊和萘均购于阿拉丁试剂官网,配制浓度为10 mg·L-1的一级储备液,再将一级储备液稀释,得到苊和萘浓度为0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4和4.5 mg·L-1的二级储备液,并将苊和萘进行混合。在进行光谱分析前需要对苊和萘的光谱进行预处理,采用空白扣除法扣除拉曼散射的影响,并采用集合经验模态分解(EEMD)消除干扰噪声。实验测得苊存在两个波峰,位于λex=298 nm,λem=324/338 nm处,萘存在一个波峰,位于λex=280 nm,λem=322 nm处。选用的PARAFAC算法对组分数的的选择很敏感,因此采用核一致诊断法预估组分数,估计值2和3的核一致值都在60%以上,分别对混合样品进行了2因子和3因子的PARAFAC分解,将分解后得到的激发发射光谱数据和各组分浓度数据进行归一化处理,并绘制光谱图,与归一化处理后的真实的激发发射光谱图和各组分浓度图进行对比。同时将PARAFAC得到的混合样本的预测浓度,通过计算回收率(R)和均方根误差(RMSEP)来判定定量分析的准确度。选择2因子时,各混合样品中苊和萘拟合度为95.7%和96.7%,平均回收率分别为101.8%和98.9%,均方根误差分别为0.0187和0.0316;选择3因子时,各混合样品中苊和萘拟合度为95.3%和95.8%,平均回收率分别为97%和102.5%,均方根误差分别为0.033和0.116,由三项指标可得选用2因子进行定性定量分析的效果明显好于选用3因子。分析实验结果表明,基于三维荧光光谱法和PARAFAC算法对混合样品进行定性定量分析,能够有效的判定混合样品的类别,同时能够成功的预测出混合样品的浓度。