A New Quassinoid from Brucea javanica

Chemistry of Natural Compounds - A new quassinoid, dehydrobruceantinol B (1), was isolated from the seeds of Brucea javanica, together with two known compounds, bruceantinol (2) and bruceine A (3)....     

求解非埃尔米特正定方程组的广义LHSS迭代法

基于矩阵的埃尔米特和反埃尔米特分解,李良等给出了一类求解非埃尔米特正定方程组的LHSS迭代法,在系数矩阵的埃尔米特和非埃尔米特之间进行了非对称迭代,在较松弛的约束条件下即可获得收敛结果.本文对该方法做进一步研究,给出了一类求解非埃尔米特正定方程组的广义LHSS迭代方法.数值结果表明,系数矩阵经恰当分解,在处理某些问题时广义LHSS迭代法优于HSS迭代法.     

Time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations for multi-gap superconductors

We numerically solve the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations for two-gap superconductors using the finite-element technique. The real-time simulation shows that at low magnetic field, the vortices in small-size samples tend to form clusters or other disorder structures. When the sample size is large, stripes appear in the pattern. These results are in good agreement with the previous experimental observations of the intriguing anomalous vortex pattern, providing a reliable theoretical basis for the future applications of multi-gap superconductors.     

Efficient Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Well-Type Thick-Shell CdxZn1−xS/CdSe/CdyZn1−yS Quantum Dots

Device grade quantum dots (QDs) require QDs ensembles to retain their original superior optical properties as in solution. QDs with thick shells are proven effective in suppressing the inter-dot interaction and preserving the emission properties for QDs solids. However, lattice strain–induced defects may form as the shell grows thicker, resulting in a notable photoluminescence quenching. Herein, a well-type Cd_xZn_1−xS/CdSe/Cd_yZn_1−yS QDs is proposed, where ternary alloys CdZnS are adopted to match the lattice parameter of intermediate CdSe by separately adjusting the x and y parameters. The resultant thick-shell Cd_0.5Zn_0.5S/CdSe/Cd_0.73Zn_0.27S QDs reveal nonblinking properties with a high PL QY of 99% in solution and 87% in film. The optimized quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) exhibit a luminance of 31547.5 cd m⁻² at the external quantum efficiency maximum of 21.2% under a bias of 4.0 V. The shell thickness shows great impact on the degradation of the devices. The T₅₀ lifetime of the QLEDs with 11.2 nm QDs reaches 251 493 h, which is much higher than that of 6.5 and 8.4 nm QDs counterparts. The performances of the well-type thick-shell QLEDs are comparable to state-of-the-art devices, suggesting that this type of QDs is a promising candidate for efficient optoelectronic devices.     

MIL-101(Fe)高效催化 β-蒎烯与甲醛的Prins缩合制备诺卜醇

通过水热晶化法制备了MIL-101(Fe)金属有机骨架材料, 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 热重分析(TG)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对催化剂的结构和形貌进行了表征. 结果表明, 该材料用于催化β-蒎烯与甲醛的Prins缩合制备诺卜醇反应的效果优异; 催化剂合成温度、 合成时间、 催化剂用量、 反应溶剂、 反应温度和反应时间对β-蒎烯的反应结果均有一定影响. 在相似的反应条件下, 合成的MIL-101(Fe)催化β-蒎烯制备诺卜醇反应的最佳条件为使用150 ℃下反应15 h合成的催化剂MIL-101(Fe), 在90 ℃下反应8 h得到的β-蒎烯转化率高达97.3%, 诺卜醇选择性达到96.7%.     

Pentapnictogen heterocyclic monoanions: Structure,stability, and aromaticity

Inorganic planar ring-shape molecules with 4n + 2 π electrons are always the focus of experimental synthesis and theoretical research due to their potential aromaticity and stability. In this work, the whole series of five-membered heterocycle monoanions X _nY_5-n⁻ (X, Y = group 15 elements; n = 1-4) were thoroughly investigated by means of density functional theory calculations. They all have large formation energies and HOMO-LUMO gap energies, suggesting the potential thermodynamic and kinetic stability. Their aromaticities are comparable to that of typical aromatic hydrocarbons. Their thermal stabilities were firmly established by the ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. As most of them are predicted for the first time, their various spectra were simulated for experimental characterization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these five-membered cyclic anions can be employed as η⁵-ligand to construct novel all-inorganic metallocenes, which may serve as the building blocks of low-dimensional nanomaterials.     

纳米SnO2高效催化烯烃与H2O2环氧化反应研究

构建了用于催化烯烃与过氧化氢环氧化反应的高效、 绿色催化反应体系. 首先, 通过水热合成法制备了纳米SnO₂, 并在320 ℃下煅烧. 随后, 对所有催化剂进行X射线衍射(XRD)、 紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征. 进一步将催化剂用于以H₂O₂水溶液为氧化剂环氧化各种官能化烯烃(包括环烯烃, 苯乙烯和直链烯烃)的反应, 以高转化率和高选择性得到了环氧化物. 在相似的反应条件下, 发现合成的纳米SnO₂-170催化剂在催化1-甲基环己烯与H₂O₂的环氧化反应中的活性最佳, 在2 h内1-甲基环己烯的转化率达到100%, 环氧化物选择性达到100%.     

导热增强聚乙二醇相变复合材料的制备及其性能

本文以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料,通过添加不同的无机填料,采用熔融共混浇筑方式制备了导热增强型相变复合材料。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热常数分析仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、红外热成像和热重分析仪研究了所制备复合材料的微观结构、导热性能与相变过程。 研究结果表明,相比于碳酸钙和氧化铝,在相同添加含量下,氮化硼(BN)可有效提高PEG的导热系数,当BN质量分数为40%时,导热系数可达到3.40 W/(m·K);当填料添加量相同时,片状BN和不规则纳米碳酸钙(CaCO₃)比球形氧化铝(Al₂O₃)对PEG具有更加优良的定型效果,在相变过程中,能够更加有效阻隔PEG的流动,保持复合材料的形状稳定性。     

复合深度神经网络在直升机声目标识别中的研究

针对直升机探测中目标运动过程连续识别的鲁棒性问题,提出了一种基于复合深度神经网络的直升机声学特征提取和识别框架。复合深度神经网络由卷积神经网络和长短时记忆神经网络以并行结构组合,进行直升机声学特征的优化,完成直升机类型识别。针对直升机声信号特性,对卷积神经网络进行了改进,使得该复合深度神经网络在信号短时谱基础上优化声信号特征表征并提取前后帧之间的相关信息,弥补通常声目标识别方法不能充分利用目标信号时间历程信息的缺陷。真实外场实验数据测试结果显示:相较于传统识别方法,该算法显著提升了直升机进入有效探测范围后连续识别的鲁棒性和目标识别正确率。