Inverted population of Co2 molecules in expanding gas streams

The system of equations of hydrodynamics, which describes the process of escape of the mixtures CO₂ + N₂ + He, H₂O from a nozzle, is solved numerically in conjunction with the equations of the kinetics of the excitation of the vibrational degrees of freedom of the molecules. It is found that an inverted population of the CO₂ molecules with respect to the transition [00 °1] – [10 °0], is produced under certain conditions at the exit from the nozzle. The magnitude of the inversion depends both on the nozzle configuration and on the initial values of the gas temperature and pressure. It is shown that for a specified nozzle configuration there exist optimal values of these parameters, at which the inverted population of the CO₂ molecules reaches approximately 10¹⁵ cm^–3.Translated from Zhumal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 5, pp. 24–34, September–October, 1971.     

X-ray absorption investigation of the electronic structure of the CuI@SWCNT nanocomposite

The Cu 2p, I 3d, and C 1sX-ray absorption spectra of the CuI@SWCNT nanocomposite prepared by filling single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with the CuI melt by the capillary technique have been measured with a high-energy resolution using the equipment of the Russian-German beamline at the BESSY electron storage ring. In order to characterize the electronic structure of the nanocomposite and possible changes in the atomic and electronic structures of CuI and SWCNTs in the CuI@SWCNT nanocomposite, the spectra obtained have been analyzed in the framework of the quasi-molecular approach by comparing with the spectra of the pristine (CuI and SWCNT) and reference (CuO) systems. It has been revealed that the encapsulation of the CuI compound inside SWCNTs is accompanied by changes in the electronic structure of CuI and SWCNTs due to the chemical interaction between the filler and carbon nanotubes and the change in the atomic structure of CuI.     

Experimental Research to Confirm the Excitation of Gamov–Teller Resonance in Compound Nucleus <Superscript>118</Superscript>Sb

At proton energies of 4–9 MeV, trial experimental investigations were performed to confirm the excitation of Gamov–Teller resonance (GTR) 1⁺ in the compound nucleus ¹¹⁸Sb discovered by B.Ya. Guzhovskiy’s research group in the ¹¹⁷Sn(p,xn) reaction at proton energies of 7.2 MeV (the first component is GTR1) and 9.9MeV (the second component is GTR2). The ¹¹⁷Sn(p,xn) reaction was used, whose neutrons and background neutrons were registered by an all-wave long counter arranged at an angle of 140° to the direction of the proton beam propagation. Simultaneously, along with the registration of neutrons, elastically and inelastically scattered protons at angles of 20° and 160° were registered. At the proton energy equal to ~7.2 MeV, in the excitation functions for ¹¹⁷Sn(p,xn), ¹¹⁷Sn(p,p₀), and ¹¹⁷Sn(p,p₄)¹¹⁷Sn* (1004.5 keV, 3/2⁺), a resonance with a width of ≈1.2 MeV having an energy structure was discovered. Its possible quantum numbers are 1⁺.     

Basic Submodules of Modules over Serial, Right Noetherian Rings. I

It is proved that any right module over a serial, right Noetherian ring R contains a basic submodule. The structure of submodules of an indecomposable pure injective R-module is investigated. Bibliography: 11 titles.     

Completion of Modules over Serial, Right Noetherian Rings

Linear topology defined on an arbitrary right module over a right Noetherian serial ring R enables one to describe the reduced, pure injective R-modules as modules that are complete in this topology. With the use of the completion of modules, the pure injective envelope of any right R-module is constructed. Bibliography: 8 titles.