石墨烯环氧涂层的耐磨耐蚀性能研究

将石墨烯水分散液添加到双组份水性环氧树脂中制备石墨烯固体润滑涂层,采用交流阻抗谱和动电位极化曲线研究了涂层在模拟海水(3.5%Na Cl溶液)中的电化学腐蚀行为和失效过程;采用UMT-3摩擦磨损试验机评价了三种石墨烯基环氧涂层在干摩擦和海水环境条件下的滑动摩擦磨损行为,并分析了其磨痕形貌和磨损机理.结果表明:石墨烯可以明显提高水性环氧的涂层电阻和电荷转移电阻,并降低环氧涂层在干燥条件与海水环境的摩擦系数和磨损率;石墨烯环氧涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率在海水环境中均比干摩擦低.     

氮化硼纳米片在重防腐涂层中的应用进展

氮化硼纳米片也被称为“白色石墨烯”,是一种重要的纳米填料,具有优异的机械性、导热性、耐磨性、阻隔性、疏水性,同时也是一种新兴的性能优良的绝缘材料.被广泛应用于重防腐涂层、润滑剂、传感器等领域.基于氮化硼纳米片在金属腐蚀防护领域巨大的应用前景,本综述将从氮化硼纳米片的制备及表面官能化、氮化硼薄膜防护涂层、氮化硼纳米片/有机防护涂层、氮化硼纳米片-无机复合材料/有机防护涂层这四部分进行系统总结,重点围绕氮化硼纳米片在有机涂层中均匀分散能力以及金属腐蚀防护能力等方面等进行详细分析和介绍,同时对氮化硼纳米片基防腐涂料未来发展进行了展望.     

含Stone-Wales缺陷zigzag型石墨烯纳米带的电学和光学性能研究

本文采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理对zigzag型石墨烯纳米带中含有不同Stone-Wales缺陷的电子结构特性和光学性能进行研究. 考虑了两种模型:不计电子自旋和考虑电子自旋的情况.研究发现:不计电子自旋情况下,含对称Stone-Wales缺陷的石墨烯纳米带在缺陷区域出现了凹凸不平的折皱构型,两种不同的Stone-Wales缺陷都引起了电荷的重新分布.考虑电子自旋时,Stone-Wales缺陷的引入对石墨烯纳米带自旋密度有显著影响,也引起了不同自旋的电子态密度的变化.进一步研究了纳米带的光学性能,发现 关键词： 石墨烯纳米带 Stone-Wales缺陷 电子结构 光学性能     

High performance bio-based polyurethane elastomers: Effect of different soft and hard segments

In this work, a series of high performance bio-based polyurethanes(bio-PUs) were synthesized from polylactide(PLA)-based diols, different diisocyanates(TDI, MDI, HDI, IPDI) and chain extender 1,4-butanediol, in which different soft and hard segments are used to adjust their transition temperatures and mechanical properties. Poly(lactide-co-caprolactone)copolymer diols(co-PLAols) instead of PLA diols as the soft segment improved the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the synthesized bio-PUs. Among them, MDI-based bio-PUs have the highest T_g(43.8 °C), tensile strength(23.5 MPa) and modulus(380.8 MPa), while HDI-based bio-PUs have the lowest T_g(21.4 °C) and highest elongation at break(580%). Especially, the bio-PUs synthesized from co-PLAols and MDI demonstrate better mechanical properties,closed to petroleum-based commodities. Furthermore, the obtained bio-PUs display good shape memory properties at body temperature and cytocompatibility. Therefore, these bio-PUs are promising for applications in biomedical fields.     

纺丝法制备木质素基碳纤维的研究进展

目前全球制备碳纤维主要以聚丙烯腈(PAN)或沥青为原丝,但是这类碳纤维制备成本高,限制了其自动化工业领域的大规模应用。木质素由于具有较高的含碳量和碳化收率高,其可以作为前驱体来制备碳纤维。作为一种新型材料,木质素基碳纤维因其具有价格低廉、环保、原料丰富、可实现废弃资源再生利用等优点而备受关注。本文详细介绍了木质素的分类及结构特征,阐述了不同纺丝方法制备的碳纤维的力学性能,并对其未来发展进行展望。     

二氧化碳基脂肪族聚碳酸酯的功能化研究进展

简要介绍了二氧化碳基塑料的工业化进程,同时针对当前二氧化碳共聚物结构中缺少可反应基团、难以进行化学修饰导致的品种和功能单一、亲水性差等问题,介绍了二氧化碳基脂肪族聚碳酸酯的功能化研究进展,主要包括侧链含有双键、碳酸酯键和液晶基团的侧基功能化二氧化碳共聚物的合成与性能研究,以及二氧化碳共聚物的亲水性调制和刺激响应行为探索,试图为丰富二氧化碳基聚碳酸酯结构和性能提供借鉴.     

基于热致相分离法和机械撕除技术的可再生超疏水表面构建

We report a simple preparation method of a renewable superhydrophobic surface by ther-mally induced phase separation (TIPS) and mechanical peeling. Porous polyvinylidene fluo-ride (PVDF) membranes with hierarchical structures were prepared by a TIPS process under different cooling conditions, which were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and mer-cury intrusion porosimetry. After peeling off the top layer, rough structures with hundreds of nanometers to several microns were obtained. A digital microscopy determines that the surface roughness of peeled PVDF membranes is much higher than that of the original PVDF membrane, which is important to obtain the superhydrophobicity. Water contact angle and sliding angle measurements demonstrate that the peeled membrane surfaces display super-hydrophobicity with a high contact angle (152°) and a low sliding angle (7.2°). Moreover, the superhydrophobicity can be easily recovered for many times by a simple mechanical peel-ing, identical to the original superhydrophobicity. This simple preparation method is low cost, and suitable for large-scale industrialization, which may offer more opportunities for practical applications.     

炮射电磁脉冲弹实际弹道上引战配合研究

分析了炮射电磁脉冲弹的工作原理,分两阶段描述了实际弹道上引战配合过程:阶段1建立了电磁脉冲弹杀伤区域模型,分析了最佳起爆点应满足条件,引入毁伤参量并通过毁伤率表征了该阶段的配合效率;阶段2建立了最佳起爆时序模型,分析了延时误差的产生原因,介绍了采用小偏差法计算误差散布的方法,通过种子电流与最大值接近程度表征了该阶段的配合效率。结合两阶段分析,最后得出炮射电磁脉冲弹引战配合效率的计算模型及提高配合效率的技术途径。     

Toughening of poly(propylene carbonate) by carbon dioxide copolymer poly(urethane-amine) via hydrogen bonding interaction

A carbon dioxide copolymer poly(urethane-amine)(PUA) was blended with poly(propylene carbonate)(PPC) in order to improve the toughness and flexibility of PPC without sacrificing other mechanical properties. Compared with pure PPC, the PPC/PUA blend with 5 wt% PUA loading showed a 400% increase in elongation at break, whilst the corresponding yielding strength remained as high as 33.5 MPa and Young's modulus showed slightly decrease. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction in PPC/PUA blends was comfirmed by FTIR, 2D IR and XPS spectra analysis, and finely dispersed particulate structure of PUA in PPC was observed in the SEM images, which provided good evidence for the toughening mechanism of PPC.     

水性丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料中反应性缓蚀剂掺入及其耐蚀性能

利用磷酸和双酚A环氧树脂反应得到功能性缓蚀剂羟基环氧磷酸酯(HEP). 将其添加到水性羟基丙烯酸树脂中,再与水性异氰酸酯固化剂交联,制备了水性羟基环氧磷酸酯/丙烯酸聚氨酯复合涂层(HEP-APU). 由于磷酸酯基团可以与金属基体发生反应,在金属表面形成一层磷化膜,极大的提升了金属的抗闪蚀能力. 利用电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线研究HEP-APU复合涂层对Q235碳钢在3.5wt% NaCl溶液中耐蚀性能. 结果表明,HEP-APU涂料对Q235碳钢具有优越的钝化和耐腐性能,且当HEP在水性丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料中质量分数为0.5%时,所得到的复合涂层的防腐性能最佳.