排序方式: 共有11条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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聚合物光接枝表面改性研究与应用 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
主要考察了近年来利用紫外光(UV)对聚合物进行表面接枝改性研究与应用的最新进展情况,从接枝实验体系与条件、接枝影响因素以及聚合物表面接枝改性的应用等几个方面对其进行了总结和介绍。 相似文献
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利用Ostwald熟化作用合成空心碳纳米材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以淀粉等易获得的生物质为碳前驱物, 亚铁盐为添加剂, 采用水热法制备了碳材料. 实验发现, 在反应过程中, 首先生成了被无定形碳包裹的铁氧化物纳米棒, 形成碳/铁氧化物的核/壳结构. 在进一步的反应中, 铁氧化物核自发溶解, 最终得到了空心的碳纳米棒. 讨论了铁氧化物自发溶解的原因, 认为空心碳纳米棒的形成是由Ostwald熟化现象造成的. 当以葡萄糖或环糊精为碳前驱物时, 得到的是空心碳球, 这可能与各种碳前驱物不同的表面活性剂作用有关. 相似文献
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针对临近空间飞行器的黑障问题,根据模拟的RAM C-Ⅲ飞行器周围的流场分布结果,计算了等离子体电子密度和碰撞频率,并根据其分布建立了非均匀的等离子体模型。在此基础上,利用散射矩阵方法分析了太赫兹波在等离子体中的传输特性随着等离子体密度、等离子体厚度、等离子体碰撞频率的变化以及外加磁场对传输特性的影响。结果表明,太赫兹波的传输损耗随着等离子体电子密度和等离子体厚度的增加而增加,而碰撞频率的增加会使得透射率先减小后增加。在外加磁场的作用下,左旋太赫兹波的传输特性会得到改善;而对于右旋太赫兹波,磁场的施加会引入吸收峰,并且随着磁感应强度的增加向高频方向移动。 相似文献
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Sliver nanoplates were prepared through a visible light induced reduction process by a reaction between sodium citrate and silver nitrate in an aqueous solvent at room temperature. UV-Vis spectra were employed to monitor the growth of the silver nanoplates. The resulting spectra indicated that, at an early stage,the products were spherical particles with planar nanoparticles appearing and growing subsequently. In the last stages of the process, some spherical particles were consumed by the growth of the nanoparticles,through an Ostwald ripening mechanism. Furthermore, it was found that the addition of either Poly(Vinyl Pyrrolidone) (PVP) or excessive citrate could stabilize the colloidal system effectively, and that rigorous stirring was necessary for the anticipant products. Introduction of a large quantities of sodium hydroxide can dramatically accelerate the reactive rate of the photoreduction process. 相似文献
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High-sensitive terahertz detection by parametric up-conversion using nanosecond pulsed laser 下载免费PDF全文
A high-sensitive terahertz detector operating at room temperature was demonstrated based on parametric upconversion.A nanosecond 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser was used to pump the parametric up-conversion detector and the upconversion from terahertz wave to NIR laser was realized in a lithium niobate crystal.The minimum detectable terahertz energy of 9 p J was realized with the detection dynamic range of 54 d B,which was three orders of magnitude higher than that of commercial Golay cell.The detectable terahertz frequency range of the detection system was 0.90 Thz–1.83 THz.Besides,the effects of pump energy and effective gain length on the detection sensitivity were studied in experiment.The results showed that higher pump energy and longer effective gain length are helpful for improving the detection sensitivity of parametric up-conversion detector. 相似文献
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在水相体系中以柠檬酸钠和硝酸银为反应物,利用可见光诱导的还原过程在室温下制备盘状的银纳米粒子,通过紫外-可见光谱监控了不同反应条件下银纳米粒子的生长过程及体系的稳定性.吸收光谱随时间的变化表明,在一定的反应条件下早期的产物为球形粒子;随着反应时间延长盘状产物开始逐渐生成并长大,球形粒子数也进一步增加;而到了后期盘状粒子则通过粒子间的Ostwald熟化过程进一步长大.研究还发现,过量的柠檬酸根离子无助于稳定胶态体系,而适量的PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)的加入则能起到有效的稳定作用;严格控制的搅拌对于保证体系良好的分散稳定性不可缺少.进一步的研究还表明,在反应体系中引入大量的氢氧根离子能大大的加快反应速度. 相似文献