钙钛矿结构RFeO3晶体的磁化跃迁效应研究进展

钙钛矿稀土正铁氧体RFeO₃具有丰富的磁性,这主要源于4f电子层的稀土离子和3d电子层的铁离子之间复杂的相互作用。磁化跃迁作为RFeO₃体系中的重要现象,是指体系中的稀土离子磁矩和铁离子磁矩在特定的磁场和温度下发生180°旋转,宏观表现为磁热曲线中磁化强度发生断崖式变化。本文综述了不同化合物RFeO₃的两种磁化跃迁现象,第一类磁化跃迁通常具有补偿点,F_R与F_Fe的排列耦合方向不变,第二类磁化跃迁则相反,且两类磁化跃迁出现的温区受外加磁场的调控。     

纳米颗粒在复杂生物介质中的反常扩散

由于生物微环境中存在各向异性等复杂物理因素影响，纳米颗粒在其中的扩散运动表现出反常的特征.反常扩散与生物微环境的功能实现有重要的关联，同时也是流体力学在微纳尺度方向的重要扩展.该综述系统介绍了近年来反常扩散研究的进展，从物理模型、数值模拟、测量方法及实验现象等方面揭示了纳米颗粒在复杂生物介质中的反常扩散机理及特征.该问题在微纳尺度流体力学、生物物理等领域是研究的热点，在理论上和实验时仍有重大挑战，有待进一步深入研究.      

红外吸收法测定钢中碳量的测量不确定度评定

对高频炉燃烧.红外吸收法测定钢中碳含量的测量不确定度来源进行了详细的分析,建立了合理的数学模型,概述了物质称量、标准物质认定值、测量的重复性等等各主要的不确定度分量的评定方法,对高频炉燃烧.红外吸收法测定钢中碳含量的测量不确定度进行了仔细的评定,给出了扩展不确定度,并就其对钢中碳含量测量结果的影响进行了深入的探讨.     

Three different low-temperature plasma-based methods for hydrophilicity improvement of polyethylene films at atmospheric pressure

Three different low-temperature plasma-based methods were used to improve the surface hydrophilicity of polyethy- lene （PE） films, and all the modification processes were carried out by employing an atmospheric pressure plasma jet （APPJ） system. （a） PE films were directly modified by APPJ using a gas mixture of He and 02. （b） Acrylic acid （AA） was introduced into the system and a polymer acrylic acid （PAA） coating was deposited onto the PE films. （c） AA was grafted onto the PE surface activated by plasma pre-treatment. It was found that the hydrophilicity of the PE films was significantly improved for all the three methods. However, the samples modified by Process （a） showed hydrophobicity recovery after a storage time of 20 days while no significant change was found in samples modified by Process （b） and Process （c）. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） results indicated that the most intensive C=O peak was detected on the PE surface modified by Process （c）. According to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analysis, the ratios of oxygen-containing polar groups for samples modified by Process （b） and Process （c） were higher than that modified by Process （a）.     

CdTe太阳电池中起因于Cu的深能级

在CdTe太阳电池中,易引入并形成Cu深能级中心. 本文采用深能级瞬态谱测试法研究了ZnTe背接触和石墨背接触CdTe太阳电池的部分深能级中心. 研究中运用密度泛函相关理论,分析闪锌矿结构CdTe,Cd空位体系和掺Cu体系的电子态密度,计算得出T_d场和C_3v场下Cu²⁺ d轨道的分裂情况. 计算结果表明,CdTe太阳电池中的E_v+0206 eV和E_v+0122 eV两个深中心来源于Cu替代Cd原子. 计算结果还表明,掺入Cu可降低CdTe体系能量. 关键词： 深能级瞬态谱 第一性原理 CdTe Cu杂质     

Deep level transient spectroscopy investigation of deep levels in CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells with Te:Cu back contact

Deep levels in Cds/CdTe thin film solar cells have a potent influence on the electrical property of these devices. As an essential layer in the solar cell device structure, back contact is believed to induce some deep defects in the CdTe thin film. With the help of deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), we study the deep levels in CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells with Te:Cu back contact. One hole trap and one electron trap are observed. The hole trap H1, localized at Ev + 0.128 eV, originates from the vacancy of Cd (VCd). The electron trap E1, found at Ec 0.178 eV, is considered to be correlated with the interstitial Cu+ i in CdTe.     

Superconductivity in Topological Semimetal θ-TaN at High Pressure

Recently,θ-TaN was proposed to be a topological semimetal with a new type of triply degenerate nodal points.Here,we report studies of pressure dependence of transport,Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron x-ray diffraction on θ-TaN up to 61 GPa.We find that θ-TaN becomes superconductive above 24.6 GPa with T_c at 3.1 K.The θ-TaN is of n-type carrier nature with carrier density about 1.1 × 10~(20)/cm~3 at 1.2 GPa and 20 K, while the carrier density increases with the pressure and saturates at about 40 GPa in the measured range.However,there is no crystal structure transition with pressure up to 39 GPa,suggesting the topological nature of the pressure induced superconductivity.     

自驱动Janus微球的分数Brownian运动研究

Janus微球是形状规则但表面构成不同的特殊颗粒.在PIV实验平台上,以Pt-SiO2型Janus颗粒(Φ=1μm,Φ=2μm)为研究对象,获取了通过非对称催化分解H2O2产生自驱动情况下颗粒的不规则运动轨迹,通过统计得出不同观测时间下Janus颗粒在不同浓度H2O2溶液(0%,2.5%,5%,10%和15%)中的Hurst指数,实验清晰地表明了颗粒轨迹所具有的无规则运动与定向运动的叠加以及反常扩散特征.随后将这一复杂运动分解为随机的Brownian(布朗)运动、自驱动及随机转动的共同作用,并得出了不同因素所主导的特征时间尺度,合理地解释了所观察到的现象.     

磁多极场场参数的理论计算与分析

根据磁多极场的对称性，首先导出了磁多极场磁场分量的泰勒级数展开式，定义了磁多极场的场参数，然后根据毕奥-萨伐尔定律，导出了马鞍型磁多极场线圈的场参数理论计算公式.对各个场参数数量级的大小进行了分析，找出了场参数的递推规律，给出了场参数高阶导数的计算方法，从而能够准确计算整个空间的磁场值.还从简单单根导线计算结果过渡到多根导线或具有某种连续分布的情况. 这对于磁二极场、磁四极场、磁六极场等的应用提供了可靠的理论依据. 关键词： 磁多极场 场参数 马鞍型线圈