马铃薯重离子辐射育种研究

在2000—2005年将杂交技术和重离子辐射相结合， 采用55 MeV／u的 40Ar17+离子对马铃薯杂交种子和微型薯进行了不同剂量的贯穿辐射或离子注入处理。 结果表明， 对马铃薯微型薯进行重离子辐射能显著提高块茎的产量。 而杂交技术和重离子辐射相结合是一种更高效的育种方式， 不仅能提高块茎的增产幅度， 还能改善其加工品质。 微型薯重离子辐射的最佳剂量为60 Gy， 杂交种子辐射的适宜剂量范围在60—120 Gy之间。 通过对辐射后代的多年选育， 获得了几个产量显著高于对照、 品质优良的马铃薯新品系。 The effect of 55 MeV／u 40Ar17+ irradiation with different doses on hybrid seeds and micro tubers of potatoes were studied from year 2000 to 2005. The results showed that the yields of potatoes irradiated by heavy ions grew significantly. This new mutation method combining cross breeding technique with heavy ion irradiation is more effective， which could not only increase the yield of potatoes， but also improve their quality. The optimal mutagenic dose was 60 Gy to micro tubers of potatoes， 60—120 Gy to hybrid seeds， respectively. Finally， several new lines which have higher yield and better qualities were obtained through multi generation screening from the offspring of irradiated potatoes.     

重离子束在诱变育种和分子改造中的应用

重离子束具有与中性辐射X,γ和中子不同的特性,利用这些特性开展它在生物学领域内的应用和基础研究具有重要的理论和实际意义.简要阐述了这种应用的理论基础,以及多年来实践的一些工作与取得的结果. Heavy ion beams have different character from X, γ rays and neutrons. It has important value in theory and practice to use the character to carry out application and fundamental researches in biological field. Theoretical basis of the application and some practice and their results are briefly described here.