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1.
A dedicated breast CT system (DBCT) is a new method for breast cancer detection proposed in recent years. In this paper, the glandular dose in the DBCT is simulated using the Monte Carlo method. The phantom shape is half ellipsoid, and a series of phantoms with different sizes, shapes and compositions were constructed. In order to optimize the spectra, monoenergy X-ray beams of 5-80 keV were used in simulation. The dose distribution of a breast phantom was studied: a higher energy beam generated more uniform distribution, and the outer parts got more dose than the inner parts. For polyenergtic spectra, four spectra of Al filters with different thicknesses were simulated, and the polyenergtic glandular dose was calculated as a spectral weighted combination of the monoenergetic dose.  相似文献   
2.
X射线衍射增强成像中的定量测量   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
刘力  朱佩平  舒航  张凯 《光学学报》2008,28(8):1492-1495
提出了一种基于X射线衍射增强成像(DEI)断层计算机X射线层析术(CT)图像的物体尺寸精确测量方法.X射线衍射增强成像是一种基于相位衬度的成像技术.通过建立DEI的简化模型,研究衍射成像过程中品体转角、投影图像谷点位置、成像系统等效模糊等因素之间关系,由此具体探讨了系统模糊效应对圆物体边界成像带来的位置偏移,并以圆形被测样品为例.提出可精确测定直径的简单有效算法.通过理论仿真模型数据和北京同步辐射装置上的实测数据验证了该算法的精度.该方法实现了利用DEI图像对被测物体几何尺寸的精确测量,可用于对牛物组织样品等物体内部微小结构的尺寸的精确测量.  相似文献   
3.
Radiation dose is an important performance indicator of a dedicated breast CT (DBCT). In this paper, the method of putting thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) into a breast shaped PMMA phantom to study the dose distribution in breasts was improved by using smaller TLDs and a new half-ellipsoid PMMA phantom. Then the weighted CT dose index (CTDIw) was introduced to average glandular assessment in DBCT for the first time and two measurement modes were proposed for different sizes of breasts. The dose deviations caused by using cylindrical phantoms were simulated using the Monte Carlo method and a set of correction factors were calculated. The results of the confirmatory measurement with a cylindrical phantom (11 cm/8 cm) show that CTDIw gives a relatively conservative overestimate of the average glandular dose comparing to the results of Monte Carlo simulation and TLDs measurement. But with better practicability and stability, the CTDIw is suitable for dose evaluations in daily clinical practice. Both of the TLDs and CTDIw measurements demonstrate that the radiation dose of our DBCT system is lower than conventional two-view mammography.  相似文献   
4.
衍射增强成像原理   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
研究了衍射增强成像过程中X射线与样品和晶体的相互作用,重点分析了小角散射对衍射增强成像的影响,为衍射增强成像方程补充了小角散射噪声项,建立了更普遍的衍射增强成像方程.根据新的衍射增强成像方程,推导出峰位像和腰位像的吸收衬度,消光衬度和折射衬度的数学表达,并讨论了两种合成像(表观吸收像和折射像)的衬度问题. 关键词: 相位衬度成像 同步辐射 晶体衍射 X射线照相术  相似文献   
5.
ATPF—a dedicated proton therapy facility   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
A proton therapy facility based on a linac injector and a slow-cycling synchrotron is proposed. To obtain good treatments for different cancer types, both the spot scanning method and the double-scattering method are adopted in the facility, whereas the nozzles include both gantry and fixed beam types. The proton accelerator chain includes a synchrotron of 250 MeV in maximum energy, an injector of 7 MeV consisting of an RFQ and a DTL linac, with a repetition rate of 0.5 Hz. The slow extraction using the third-order resonance and together with the RFKO method is considered to be a good method to obtain a stable and more-or-less homogenous beam spill. To benefit the spot scanning 200 between 60 MeV and 230 MeV. A new method method, the extraction energy can be as many as about - the emittance balancing technique of using a solenoid or a quadrupole rotator is proposed to solve the problem of unequal emittance in the two transverse planes with a beam slowly extracted from a synchrotron. The facility has been designed to keep the potential to be upgraded to include the carbon therapy in the future.  相似文献   
6.
北京同步辐射装置(BSRF)4W1A光束线形貌学实验站近两年开展了两块晶体的衍射增强成像实验研究,在实验中,晶体转轴垂直于同步辐射偏振面时的图像质量好于晶体转轴平行于同步辐射偏振面时获取的图像.本文从X光强度分布、单色器晶体的热膨胀、空间分辨率、角分辨率等方面系统地对两种晶体几何排列方式进行了比较研究.实验和理论分析的结果表明,晶体转轴垂直于同步辐射偏振面时单色器晶体上的热膨胀对成像的影响较小,因而获得了更好的成像质量. 关键词: 同步辐射 衍射增强成像 晶体衍射  相似文献   
7.
对于主要由轻元素组成的生物、医学样品,利用衍射增强成像技术可以观察到常规吸收成像无法观察到的内部微观结构,因而衍射增强成像具有较高的衬度和空间分辨率.选用苍蝇作为实验样品,在北京同步辐射装置上首次开展了衍射增强峰位成像CT实验.重建出的样品断层像显示其分辨率达到了几十μm水平.对于将衍射增强成像技术应用于生物和医学等领域具有重要意义.  相似文献   
8.
衍射增强成像是X射线相位衬度成像方法之一,这种方法具有较高的衬度和空间分辨率. 利用它对由轻元素组成的生物、医学样品成像可以观察到常规吸收成像无法观察到的内部微细结构. 这种方法在生物、医学、材料科学等无损检测领域中的应用研究,已成为当前国际上X射线成像领域中的研究热点. 讨论衍射增强成像方法和该方法在计算机断层成像中的应用. 实验结果表明,使用衍射增强成像方法获得的数据源能够重建出微米级的生物组织结构,这些组织结构信息在常规X射线断层成像中是难以得到的. 关键词: 衍射增强成像 CT重建 同步辐射 微细结构  相似文献   
9.
设计完成饱和铁心型高温超导故障限流器的实物模型,用有限元软件仿真,得到线圈运行的电感值,为变压器建立了饱和铁心型高温超导故障限流器的T型等效电路,并提供了重要的参数设置依据。用电路仿真软件运行等效电路图,将其限流效果和有限元软件中的限流效果做对比,最终验证等效电路是正确的。  相似文献   
10.
A proton therapy facility based on a linac injector and a slow cycling synchrotron is proposed. To achieve effective treatment of cancer, a scanning gantry is required. The flexible transmission of beam and high beam position accuracy are the most basic requirements for a gantry. The designed gantry optics and scanning system are presented. Great efforts are put into studying the sensitivity of the beam position in the isocenter to the element misalignments. It shows that quadrupole shift makes the largest contribution and special attention should be paid to it.  相似文献   
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