硅铝催化剂催化有机溶剂木质素的解聚

E cient conversion of lignin to fine chemicals and biofuel become more and more attractive in biorefinery. In this work, we used a series of silica-alumina catalysts (i.e., SiO₂-Al₂O₃, HY, Hβ, and HZSM-5) to degrade lignin into arenes and phenols. The relationship between the catalyst structure and lignin depolymerization performance was investigated. The results showed that both acidity and pore size of the catalyst could in uence the conversion of lignin. In the volatilizable product, phenols were identified as the main phenolic monomers via gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. SiO₂-Al₂O₃ was the most effcient catalyst, giving 90.96% degree of conversion, 12.91% yield of phenols, and 2.41% yield of arenes in ethanol at 280℃ for 4 h. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis demonstrated that deoxygenation and alkylation occurred in this process. The effect of solvents was also investigated and the results showed that ethanol was the most effcient solvent.     

碱性离子液体催化合成三羟甲基丙烷

以碱性离子液体为催化剂,构建了一种新型、高效的合成三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)的方法.系统考察了催化剂类型、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、甲醛与正丁醛用量比等因素对三羟甲基丙烷分离收率的影响.研究结果表明:碱性离子液体的催化性能与其碱强度息息相关,碱性越强、催化活性越高.最优条件下,经离子液体[bmim]OH催化后,可得到84%的TMP分离收率,这一结果优于传统的有机无机碱催化体系且成功规避了传统碱催化合成TMP过程中繁琐的除盐过程、降低了过程能耗.此外,离子液体催化剂和未反应的丁醛均表现了良好的重复使用性能.     

Pt-MOx/CeO2水相重整催化剂上氧化物助剂对于水气变换反应的促进作用研究(英文)

甲醇水相重整是一种在相对温和条件下.的有效产氢路径。采用分步浸渍法制备Pt/CeO₂和Pt-MO_x/CeO₂(M=Fe、Cr、Mg、Mn)系列催化剂,并对其反应性能进行了研究。采用XPS、XRD、TEM、CO-TPD、NH₃-TPD、CO₂-TPD等表征手段对催化剂的金属价态、氧空位数量、金属粒子分布、CO吸附性能和催化剂的酸/碱性等性质进行表征和分析。通过关联结果表明,MO_x的加入削弱了Pt-CeO₂间的相互作用,促进了价态较低的Pt^δ+的生成,这有助于C-H键的裂解,促进甲醇的转化。Pt-MgO/CeO₂上的产氢量最高(164.78 mmol),CO和CH₄选择性相对较低,而Pt-CrO_x/CeO₂上的CH₄选择性最高(2.21%)_d对于Pt/CeO₃和Pt...