黎开管热声振荡的主动控制研究

本文以黎开管内的热声耦合振荡为研究对象,设计基于主动补偿的适应性控制器抑制黎开管内的不稳定燃烧。试验以扬声器为执行机构来改变黎开管的边界条件,从而抑制黎开管内的热声耦合振荡。实时控制效果表明,本文所采用的适应性控制算法能够有效抑制因热声耦合产生的燃烧振荡,为实际动力系统燃烧振荡抑制提供了思路。     

Controlling chaos based on an adaptive nonlinear compensator mechanism

The control problems of chaotic systems are investigated in the presence of parametric uncertainty and persistent external disturbances based on nonlinear control theory. By using a designed nonlinear compensator mechanism, the system deterministic nonlinearity, parametric uncertainty and disturbance effect can be compensated effectively. The renowned chaotic Lorenz system subjected to parametric variations and external disturbances is studied as an illustrative example. From the Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for choosing control parameters to guarantee chaos control are derived. Several experiments are carried out, including parameter change experiments, set-point change experiments and disturbance experiments. Simulation results indicate that the chaotic motion can be regulated not only to steady states but also to any desired periodic orbits with great immunity to parametric variations and external disturbances.     

丙烯酸酯改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及性能研究

采用共聚的方法制备出丙烯酸酯改性的水性聚氨酯共聚乳液(PUA乳液),并对PUA乳液的制备方法和工艺、耐溶剂性、机械稳定性进行了初步的研究。结果表明,具有IPN结构的PUA乳液耐溶剂性、机械稳定性比水性PU有明显的提高。     

基于医学影像的血流动力学分析

随着计算机成像技术的发展,计算机断层扫描(CT)和核磁共振(MRI)已经广泛应用于临床,特别是血管类疾病的诊断,比如动脉狭窄、血管瘤、血管畸形等。除了可以提供高分辨率的静态图像,先进的MRI技术还可以通过时间序列直接反映血流动力学的变化。而基于计算机成像和三维重建技术,血流动力学的参数又可以通过计算流体力学的方法进行详细的分析。如何将血流动力学参数和临床诊断相结合是近年来在转化医学领域研究的热点。文中将结合文献调研和作者自己的研究工作对基于医学图像的血流动力学分析进行综述,并探讨未来的研究方向。     

一类复动力系统的自抗扰控制

复动力系统的对象具有实部和虚部,且实部和虚部之间存在很强的耦合.用结构简单,解耦能力强的自抗扰控制器对一类复动力系统进行仿真研究,分别设计了单入单出控制系统和双入双出控制系统.仿真结果表明,自抗扰控制器可以将复动力系统中的耦合看做扩张状态进行实时估计和补偿,从而具有很好的解耦能力;在系统初始状态和控制器参数一致的情况下,所设计的两种控制系统可达到相同的控制效果.     

Cascade adaptive control of uncertain unified chaotic systems

The chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems is considered. Cascade adaptive control approach with only one control input is presented to stabilize states of the uncertain unified chaotic system at the zero equilibrium point. Since an adaptive controller based on dynamic compensation mechanism is employed,the exact model of the unified chaotic system is not necessarily required. By choosing appropriate controller parameters,chaotic phenomenon can be suppressed and the response speed is tunable. Sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of the approach is derived. Numerical simulation results confirm that the cascade adaptive control approach with only one control signal is valid in chaos control of uncertain unified chaotic systems.     

Synchronization of hyperchaotic Chen systems: a class of the adaptive control approach

The synchronization of hyperchaotic Chen systems is considered. An adaptive synchronization approach and a cascade adaptive synchronization approach are presented to synchronize a drive system and a response system. By utilizing an adaptive controller based on the dynamic compensation mechanism, exact knowledge of the systems is not necessarily required, and the synchronous speed is controllable by tuning the controller parameters. Sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the two synchronization schemes are derived. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the adaptive synchronization scheme with four control inputs and the cascade adaptive synchronization scheme with only one control signal are effective and feasible in chaos synchronization of hyperchaotic systems.     

压电薄膜表面贯穿裂纹的有限元分析

基于有限元软件ANSYS数值模拟,计算了激光作用下的压电薄膜表面贯穿裂纹外场应力强度因子和电位移强度因子,并且研究了90°畴变所诱致的畴变增韧行为。首先,求解无裂纹压电薄膜在激光作用下的热-力-电响应,将求得的应力和电位移场反向作用于裂纹面,求解裂纹尖端处的外场应力和电位移强度因子,然后基于小范围畴变理论求解了90°畴变所致的屏蔽应力强度因子。讨论了薄膜表面裂纹的外场应力强度因子、电位移强度因子及屏蔽应力强度因子随激光作用时间和裂纹位置的变化关系,从而预测压电薄膜体系在加热工作状况下的裂纹扩展和断裂行为。     

超短脉冲激光在电介质材料中传输及破坏深度微观理论计算

基于Fokker-Planck方程和激光传输方程建立超短脉冲激光在电介质材料中的传输及材料破坏理论模型,计算材料内不同位置处导带电子数密度及激光电场强度随时间的变化,进而得到激光的反射率、透射率及沉积率随激光能量密度的变化特征.选取导带电子数密度阈值作为材料破坏的判断条件,计算了不同激光能量密度下的破坏深度,发现破坏深度随激光能量密度的变化曲线呈现先增长后减小,讨论了激光能量沉积特性对破坏深度的影响.计算最大破坏深度随激光脉宽的变化发现,激光脉宽越短则最大破坏深度越小. 关键词： 超短脉冲激光 电介质材料 破坏深度 微观理论模型     

三氯苯达唑中间体合成方法的改进

以2,3-二氯苯酚与3,4-二氯-6-硝基苯胺为原料,在催化剂的存在下进行成醚反应,制备三氯苯达唑中间体。探讨和优化了合成条件,并采用液相色谱、红外光谱分析等手段确认了产物的结构。以经过改进后的中间体进行合成三氯苯达唑,最终产率达到了36.7%。