Study of n-γ discrimination for 0.4-1 MeV neutrons using the zero-crossing method with a BC501A liquid scintillation detector

An experimental system aimed at n-γ discrimination using the zero-crossing method with a φ3’’×2’’ BC501A liquid scintillation detector was established and tested with an Am-Be neutron source. Two-dimensional plots of energy versus zero-crossing time were obtained. The quality of n-γ discrimination was checked by the figure-of-merit (FOM), the neutron peak-to-valley ratio, and the proportion of leaked neutrons over all neutron events. The performance of n-γ discrimination in terms of FOM was compared with previous work done by other groups. The n-γ discrimination in four different energy regions with an interval of 0.1 MeV between 0.3 MeV and 0.7 MeV was studied, and the results indicate that the n-γ discrimination threshold can go down to 0.4 MeV.     

爆炸物检测中典型样品的瞬发γ谱测量

在中子检测爆炸物的研究中,利用14 MeV中子与原子序数大于5的原子核相互作用可产生特征射线的特性,采用伴随粒子法结合D-T中子飞行时间技术,使用尺寸为12.5 cm20 cm的大体积NaI(Tl)探测器,对爆炸物所含元素C,N,O以及一些模拟炸药样品进行了瞬发谱测量。获得了几种典型样品的特征谱,并对其进行了分析。实验结果与欧盟同期结果进行了比较,表明本实验研究达到了目前国际同类实验的水平,可以为中子检测爆炸物识别技术提供实验支持。     

中子学实验近期进展

文章作者采用核活化法和核裂变法实验研究了加速器D-T中子、D-D中子以及~(252)Cf自发裂变中子在纯水泥体上的反射中子,获得了反射中子引起的6种高阈能活化箔的活化反应率以及~(235)U(包镉)和~(238)U裂变反应率.采用反冲质子法测量了4种厚度(4.5,9,18,27cm)聚乙烯板的角度中子谱.获得了聚乙烯铁铍组合壳体内距装置中心0,9.7,12.8和17.3cm 4个位置1MeV以上的中子能谱.采用铝核素标准截面相对测量法,获得了~(175)Lu、~(89)Y核素的(n,2n)反应截面.文章还分析了实验的不确定度.     

Study of n-γ discrimination in low energy range(above 40 keVee) by charge comparison method with a BC501A liquid scintillation detector

A VME-based experiment system for n-y discrimination using the charge comparison method was established.A data acquisition program for controlling the programmable modules and processing data online via VME64X bus was developed through the use of Lab VIEW.The two-dimensional(2D) scatter plots of the charge in the slow component vs.the total charge from ~(241)Am-Be and ~(252)Cf neutron sources are presented.The 2D scatter plots of the energy vs.the ratio of the charge in the slow component to the total charge of the pulses are also presented.The quality of n-γ discrimination was checked by the figure-of-merit,and the results showed good performance of n-γ discrimination at the low energy range.Neutrons and γ-rays were separated above 50 keVee(electron-equivalent energy).The quality of n-γ discrimination has been improved compared with others' results at five energies(150,250,350,450,550 keVee).     

伴随α粒子法瞬发γ测量技术

在D—T聚变反应中，中子与α粒子在空间与时间相关联，由中子作用产生的瞬发γ同样与α相关联，测量γ与α的符合时间谱，通过时间窗选出瞬发γ射线，该γ射线与中子对应的物质区域相联系，由此可以对不同空间区域的物质进行其特征γ谱测量。在不同有机物品检验过程中，通过获取C，N，O的特征瞬发γ射线，可由氮、氧比和碳、氧比峰强度比值来甄别它们。     

光栅扭矩动态测量系统设计及实现

机械主轴在各种载荷和工作环境下的扭矩测量，国内外一直没有比较好的解决方案。针对这一现状，提出通过在主轴2端安装圆光栅及指示光栅，采用对光栅莫尔条纹计数及细分的方法实现主轴扭矩非接触式动态直接测量。其方法是在将莫尔条纹进行光电转换后，采用集成可编程模拟器件对信号进行放大、滤波和比较，然后利用软核微处理器实现数据采集、处理和控制，从而取代FPGA＋MCU的方式。实验中，测量系统采用1200条刻线的圆光栅，在主轴转速为0～1500r/min的范围内测量其扭矩，扭转角精度小于0.001°。实验结果表明，采用圆光栅莫尔条纹可以达到主轴扭矩高精度测量的要求，为机械主轴测量提供了一种新的非接触式测量方法。     

D-T中子^181Ta（n，2n）^180Ta^m反应截面的测量

Ta是裂变和聚变反应堆的重要结构材料。它具有高熔点和高中子倍增率等优点。^181Ta（n，2n）^180Ta^m付反应在监测En=9～20MeV中子能谱方面具有非常大的优越性，因为它有很大的反应截面，适合测量的半衰期和平滑的激发曲线，因此对^181Ta（n，2n）^180Ta^m反应截面的准确测量有重要的应用价值。     

BC-501A液体闪烁体γ探测效率

BC-501A液体闪烁体对单能γ射线的响应函数是用MARTHA蒙-卡程序模拟计算的。BC-501A探测器与光电倍增管光阴极耦合的派勒克斯玻璃厚为5mm，容器壁厚(包括膨胀室)5mm，端面铝层厚1．5mm。容器内表面是喷涂MgO或Al2O3粉末做成的光反射层。在设计计算模型时，通常是用铝层来代替闪烁体周围的材料。圆柱铝容器壁厚5mm，     

Measurement of 85Rb（n, 2n） 84Rb reaction cross-section from 12 MeV up to 19.8 MeV

The cross-section data of the 85Rb(n,2 n)84Rb reaction have been measured with the neutron energies of 12 MeV to 19.8 MeV using the activation technique and the relative method.The 85Rb samples were irradiated on the surface of a two-ring orientation assembly with neutrons produced from the 3H(d,n)4He reaction at the 5SDH-21.7-MV Tandem accelerator in China.Theoretical model calculations were performed with the TALYS-1.9 code.The present data were compared with previously obtained experimental data and the available evaluated data.     

伴随粒子法γ能谱本底测量技术

为了解决伴随粒子法瞬发能谱实验中随机本底的影响,通过实验研究了标记中子和非标记中子与物质作用产生的瞬发信号和随机本底信号。对不同情况随机本底谱测量进行了分析,提出了小尺度样品和大尺度样品本底测量方式。研究表明:对小尺度样品,可以通过去掉样品,选择与有样品测量的谱相同的时间窗进行本底测量;对于大尺度样品,可以通过在随机本底范围选取时间窗进行本底测量。