Bulk viscosity for interacting strange quark matter and r-mode instability windows for strange stars

We investigate the bulk viscosity of strange quark matter in the framework of the equivparticle model,where analytical formulae are obtained for certain temperature ranges,which can be readily applied to those with various quark mass scalings.In the case of adopting a quark mass scaling with both linear confinement and perturbative interactions,the obtained bulk viscosity increases by 1-2 orders of magnitude compared with those in bag model scenarios.Such an enhancement is mainly due to the large quark equivalent masses adopted in the equivparticle model,which are essentially attributed to the strong interquark interactions and are related to the dynamical chiral symmetry breaki ng.Due to the high bulk viscosity,the predicted damping time of oscillatio ns for a can on ical 1.4 M⊙ strange star is less than one millisecond,which is shorter than previous findings.Consequently,the obtained r-mode instability window for the canonical strange stars well accommodates the observational frequencies and temperatures for pulsars in low-mass X-ray binaries(LMXBs).     

用布里渊散射测量水的体粘滞系数

提出了一种直接测量水的体粘滞系数的实验方法－布里渊散射方法,通过分析剪切粘滞系数和体粘滞系数与布里渊散射线宽的关系,得到了布里渊散射线宽和频移与水的体粘滞系数关系的公式,建立了实验测量水的体粘滞系数的基础,给出了不同温度下水的体粘滞系数的实验测量结果,估算了这种方法的测量误差,实验和理论分析都表明这是一种直接测量水的体粘滞系数的快速而精确的方法。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定茶叶中游离氨基酸成分

建立了使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）高效、快速直接测定茶叶中游离氨基酸的方法。通过对质谱、色谱条件及氨基酸提取条件的优化，以含0.2%（体积分数）甲酸的5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱，在电喷雾离子（ESI）源正离子扫描模式下检测，通过UHPLC-MS/MS测定，共解析了茶叶中的20种氨基酸。结果表明，茶氨酸（Thea）、Arg、Asn和Asp在50~500 μg/L范围内线性关系良好，其他氨基酸在10~250 μg/L范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均大于0.99；加标回收率为92.3%~109.2%，相对标准偏差为2.00%~9.88%，检出限为0.001~0.011 mg/L，定量限为0.010~0.053 mg/L。该方法灵敏、准确，具有良好的重复性和稳定性，可有效检测出茶叶中的20种氨基酸及氨基类成分。     

咪唑接枝交联型磺化聚醚醚酮质子交换膜的制备及在直接甲醇燃料电池中的应用

通过咪唑接枝、共价交联制备出交联型咪唑改性磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)质子交换膜.通过接枝咪唑可以大幅提高质子电导率,25℃下电导率可达0.14 S/cm,高于Nafion膜(0.086 S/cm),并随着交联度的增加,质子电导率逐渐降低,但交联膜的致密网络结构使得甲醇渗透明显降低,当交联度为20%时膜的电导率和甲醇选择性分别高达0.105 S/cm和4.57×10~5S·s/cm~3,实现了质子电导和甲醇阻隔的均衡.通过共价交联,膜的氧化稳定性和尺寸稳定性大幅提升.采用交联度为20%的改性SPEEK膜,被动式直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)在25℃下的最大输出功率密度达29.7 mW/cm~2,可与商业化Nafion 115膜相媲美,展现出良好的应用前景.     

Magnetized strange quark matter in a mass-density-dependent model

We investigate the properties of strange quark matter (SQM) in a strong magnetic field with quark confinement by the density dependence of quark masses considering the total baryon number conservation, charge neutrality and chemical equilibrium. It is found that an additional term should appear in the pressure expression to maintain thermodynamic consistency. At fixed density, the energy density of magnetized SQM varies with the magnetic field strength. By increasing the field strength an energy minimum exists located at about 6×10¹⁹ Gauss when the density is fixed at two times the normal nuclear saturation density.     

ATRP和点击化学结合法制备PDMAAm—PDMS—PDMAAm嵌段聚合物

采用原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）法制得了端基分别为烯丙基和溴原子的聚二甲基丙烯酰胺（PDMAAm），经叠氮基亲核取代后与端炔基聚二甲基硅氧烷进行点击反应，得到两亲三嵌段聚合物。利用^1HNMR、FTIR、GPC等测试方法对聚合物的结构进行了表征。结果表明：采用ATRP法合成的PDMAAm均聚物分子量分布较窄，通过点击化学法将热力学不相容的亲水性PDMAAm链段及疏水性聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）链段制备PDMAAmPDMS—PDMAAm嵌段聚合物，是一种高效易行的方法。     

卡罗藻有毒株与无毒株对菲律宾蛤仔的生长、存活及生理生化的影响

剧毒卡罗藻对双壳类生理生化过程的影响尚待研究解明. 本文以菲律宾蛤仔为对象, 比较研究了细胞大小形态一致的剧毒卡罗藻和无毒周氏卡罗藻对菲律宾蛤仔的生长、存活、摄食生理以及糖原含量的影响. 结果显示, 2种卡罗藻喂养下, 菲律宾蛤仔稚贝均有生长, 但有毒组的生长指标和存活率均显著低于无毒组. 其滤水率和摄食率与藻密度呈近似幂函数相关, 15×10⁵ cells·L^-1为拐点藻密度; 小于或等于此藻密度时, 2组的摄食率和滤水率随密度增加而增加, 且无显著差异; 大于此密度时, 有毒藻组滤水率和摄食率均显著低于无毒藻组. 成贝较稚贝能耐受更高有毒藻密度. 摄食2种卡罗藻后, 菲律宾蛤仔各组织均快速累积糖原, 外套膜糖原含量最高, 变化最为显著. 但糖原累积量与藻密度有关, 低藻密度组中, 有毒藻组的糖原含量显著低于无毒藻组. 研究结果表明, 剧毒卡罗藻可以通过降低贝类摄食能力、干扰生化代谢等非急性致死过程来影响贝类的生长及存活.