对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜的合成

对映-贝壳衫烷类二萜是陆生植物二萜中种类最为繁多、分子结构和生物活性最为多样的一类天然产物。近年来研究表明,该家族的一些成员具有抗菌和抗肿瘤等活性。这类四环二萜分子可通过分子内环化、氧化断裂和降解重排等方式,转化为复杂的分子骨架。这些天然产物重要的生理活性与多变的骨架结构引起了国内外合成化学家的浓厚兴趣,已经成为全合成研究的又一类热门分子。本文总结了2014年以来国内外学者关于对映-贝壳杉烷型二萜的合成报道,根据这类分子的不同结构类型分别进行阐述。     

Transient transition behaviors of fractional-order simplest chaotic circuit with bi-stable locally-active memristor and its ARM-based implementation

This paper proposes a fractional-order simplest chaotic system using a bi-stable locally-active memristor. The characteristics of the memristor and transient transition behaviors of the proposed system are analyzed, and this circuit is implemented digitally using ARM-based MCU. Firstly, the mathematical model of the memristor is designed, which is nonvolatile, locally-active and bi-stable. Secondly, the asymptotical stability of the fractional-order memristive chaotic system is investigated and some sufficient conditions of the stability are obtained. Thirdly, complex dynamics of the novel system are analyzed using phase diagram, Lyapunov exponential spectrum, bifurcation diagram, basin of attractor, and coexisting bifurcation, coexisting attractors are observed. All of these results indicate that this simple system contains the abundant dynamic characteristics. Moreover, transient transition behaviors of the system are analyzed, and it is found that the behaviors of transient chaotic and transient period transition alternately occur. Finally, the hardware implementation of the fractional-order bi-stable locally-active memristive chaotic system using ARM-based STM32F750 is carried out to verify the numerical simulation results.     

自适应多种群回溯群居蜘蛛算法求解TSP问题

在群居蜘蛛优化算法中引入自适应决策半径,将蜘蛛种群动态地分成多个种群,种群内适应度不同的个体采取不同的更新方式.在筛选全局极值的基础上,根据进化程度执行回溯迭代更新,提出一种自适应多种群回溯群居蜘蛛优化算法,旨在提高种群样本多样性和算法全局寻优能力.函数寻优结果表明改进算法具有较快的收敛速度和较高的收敛精度.最后将其应用于TSP问题的求解.     

钢筋混凝土框架整型变量二级优化设计

本文将具有高度非线性的钢筋混凝土平面框架的优化设计问题按照整体性约束与局部性约束分成两级处理,各自进行迭代计算:第一级选择一个在最不利的水平荷载作用下满足整体性位移约束条件以及尺寸等其它约束条件的最柔结构;第二级再在第一级的基础上选择满足局部性的强度、配筋率、尺寸及其它规范要求的约束条件的造价最低的结构。     

ON THE PROBLEMS OF SANDWICH SHELLS HAVING THE FORM OF A SURFACE OF REVOLUTION AND FACE LAYERS OF NON-EQUAL THICKNESSES

Fundamental equations which govern the behavior of an elasticsandwich shell having the form of a surface of revolution andface layers of non-equal thicknesses are derived,with the so-lution of Refs.[3]and[4]as special examples.The problems of the shell under the action of symmetricalloads are reduced to the solution of a displacement-function4～,where4αsatisfies a differential equation of sixth order.     

内含运动物体的非定常流场计算

本文改造了高阶精度的MUSCL(MonotonicUpstream-centered Scheme for Conservation Laws)差分格式,对含有膛口装置和运动弹丸的火炮膛口流场进行了数值模拟,得到了由空气冲击波和射流近场结构所组成的全流场流动图象。     

A WEIGHTED RESIDUAL METHOD FOR ELASTIC-PLASTIC ANALYSIS NEAR A CRACK TIP AND THE CALCULATION OF THE PLASTIC STRESS INTENSITY FACTORS

In this paper,a weighted residual method for the elastic-plastic analysis near a crack tip is systematically given by taking the model of power-law hardening under plane strain condition as a sample.The elastic-plastic solutions of the crack tip field and an approach based on the superposition of the nonlinear finite element method on the complete solution in the whole crack body field,to calculate the plastic stress intensity factors,are also developed.Therefore,a complete analysis based on the calculation both for the crack tip field and for the whole crack body field is provided.     

A METHOD FOR ESTABLISHING GENERALIZED VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE

A method for establishing generalized variational principle is proposed in this paper Itis based on the analysis of mechanical meaning and it can be applied to problems in whichthe variational principles are needed but no corresponding variational principle is availableIn this paper,the Hu-Washizu’s generalized variational principle and the Hu’s generalizedprinciple of complementary energy are derived from the mechanical meaning instead offrom the generalization of the principle of minimum potential energy and the correct proofsof these two generalized variational principles are given.It is also proved that this is wrongif one beleives that (?),e_(?) and u_i are independent variables each other based on thereason that these three kinds of variables are all contained in these two generalizedvariational principles.The condition of using these two variational principles in a correctmanner is also explained.     

M2B7-(M=Mg,Zn)团簇的双重芳香性促进Mg-Mg和Zn-Zn单键的形成

本文使用密度泛函理论设计了两个无需配体的具有Mg-Mg和Zn-Zn单键的团簇Mg₂B₇^-和Zn₂B₇^-. 这两种团簇的全局能量最低构型均以M₂²⁺(B₇^3-)的形式存在，其中M-M单键处于准平面六边形形状的B₇部分的上方. 化学键分析证实了这些团簇中Mg-Mg和Zn-Zn单键的存在，这些单键是在异常稳定的B₇^3-的驱动下生成的. 该B₇^3-部分同时具有σ和π双重芳香性. 计算得到Mg₂B₇^-和Zn₂B₇^-的垂直跃迁能分别为2.79 eV和2.94 eV.     

水热/溶剂热法制备锂电池负极材料碳气凝胶/Fe_2O_3及其电化学性能

采用水热/溶剂热法,通过在碳气凝胶(CA)表面负载纳米Fe_2O_3颗粒,制备了具有不同外观形貌的CA/Fe_2O_3复合负极材料。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热重(TG)等测试手段表征了碳气凝胶、Fe_2O_3及CA/Fe_2O_3的结构、形貌和Fe_2O_3负载率,并对复合负极的电化学储锂性能进行了研究。结果表明,采用水热或溶剂热法时,在碳气凝胶表面合成的Fe_2O_3颗粒分别呈橄榄球状和微球状。电化学结果表明,采用溶剂热法合成的CA/Fe_2O_3复合材料作为锂电池负极材料具有较高的储锂容量和倍率性能,在100 mA·g~(-1)电流密度下循环50次,可逆容量为634.9 mAh·g~(-1),充电容量保持率高达97.9%。