激光参数对纳米金靶向细胞膜通透性的影响

激光参数,比如脉宽、照射能量、脉冲数目以及照射方式等在各个方而尤其是在生物医学应用中对生物组织的不同效应都起着重要作用.采用纳米金颗粒靶向细胞,激光照射后细胞膜的通透性会发生改变.采用不同的激光光源和不同的照射方式(直接照射和扫描照射)、调整不同的激光参数照射细胞微粒结合体,通过流式细胞仪测量细胞对异硫氰酸荧光素葡聚糖(fluorescein isothiocyanate-Dextran,FITC-D)和碘化丙啶(propidium iodide PI)的吸收量来判断细胞膜的暂时通透性和细胞的死亡率,用以研究激光参数变化对细胞膜通透性的影响.采用传热模型对其机理进行了分析.结果表明通过调整激光参数,采用这种方法有可能进行基因转染.     

激光细胞微手术的发展和应用

现代生命科学的发展在很大程度上依赖于对活细胞的加工和操纵,比如切除细胞内的某些特定蛋白或细胞器等.激光细胞微手术是一个强有力的工具,近年来在细胞微手术精度控制方面取得很大的进展.综述了激光细胞微手术的最新发展及其在生物学和生物医学工程中的应用,对目前激光细胞微手术中存在的主要问题进行了讨论,对比了普通激光聚焦法、飞秒激...     

叶酸受体靶向肿瘤细胞纳米探针的制备及其光谱分析

叶酸受体在正常组织上表达很少,而在上皮源性的恶性肿瘤细胞膜表面高度表达。文中以叶酸为稳定剂和包裹剂,以硼氢化钠为还原剂,简单快捷地制备出叶酸包裹的纳米金粒子(folic acid protected gold nanoparticles,FA-GNPs)作为靶向肿瘤探针。紫外-可见吸收光谱测量,透射电镜成像、X射线光电子能谱分析以及细胞结合试验都表明,这种纳米探针粒径分布在3～5nm之间,体系均一、稳定,而且在高盐环境(3.5%NaCl溶液)和高速离心(25 000r.min-1)下均不会发生聚沉,在肿瘤细胞检测等领域具有应用潜力。     

激光高精度细胞微手术机理的研究

激光微手术的精度通常受到热作用或者热机械效应间接损伤的限制。把激光脉宽调整到与吸收颗粒的热弛豫时间一致可以避免热副作用，可对所选细胞产生选择性处理。这里胶体金与牛肠硷性磷酸脂酶（Alkaline phosphatase，AP）结合物作为分析强吸收颗粒附近的蛋白质变性的模型系统，利用皮秒和纳秒激光对结合体进行照射，在一定的条件下可以使蛋白质失活，并可以使细胞膜的通透性提高。通过计算可知，采用脉宽为皮秒或者纳秒级的激光照射纳米吸收物（胶体金）时，颗粒很容易被加热到几百开，而且热效应仅限于几十纳米的空间范围内。利用纳米吸收颗粒进行激光微手术的方法．在蛋白质失活的情况下对其机弹讲行了分析．     

新型光动力学疗法光敏剂5-ALA-GNPs的制备及其光谱分析

通过聚二烯丙基二甲基胺盐酸盐和氯金酸制备阳离子纳米金,将纳米金和5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-ami-nolevulinic acid,5-ALA)通过静电吸附作用有效结合得到新型光敏剂。应用共振瑞利散射光谱,紫外-可见吸收光谱,透射电镜和激光散射等方法对其进行了表征。结果表明通过这种方法纳米金与5-ALA可以有效结合。这种新型光敏剂对提高光动力学疗法临床疗效具有重要指导意义。     

Au@TiO_2纳米核壳与HMME结合体的制备及其光动力疗效初探

光动力疗法(PDT)是一种高效、安全、微创的新型治疗方法,国产光敏剂血卟啉单甲醚(HMME)介导的光动力疗法由于其成分单一、单态氧产量高及光敏周期短,临床上已用于脑胶质瘤和鲜红斑痣的治疗。为了进一步提高光动力疗效,本研究基于晶种生长法制备稳定粒径均一的吸收峰在530nm的阳离子金纳米球。采用毒性低且阴离子电解活化作用强的聚(四-苯乙烯磺酸钠)(PSS)进行修饰。利用静电吸引力将钛源TiCl_3水解的TiOH~(2+)与其结合并氧化制备AuNP@TiO_2核壳,通过改变NaHCO_3量制得不同TiO_2壳层厚度的AuNP@TiO_2核壳,并进一步将其与HMME结合制备结合体。采用紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱、激光纳米粒度仪和透射电镜对所制样品进行表征。结果表明新型的光敏剂粒径均匀,结构稳定。最后采用细胞实验验证了其光动力疗效。总之,该研究合成了新型的Au@TiO_2-HMME纳米光敏剂,通过人口腔表皮样癌细胞系KB细胞与新型核壳纳米结构的光动力作用,与纯HMME相比,在最优条件下可提高约35%的细胞杀伤率。     

New algorithm and system for measuring size distribution of blood cells

In optical scattering particle sizing, a numerical transform is sought so that a particle size distribution can be determined from angular measurements of near forward scattering, which has been adopted in the measurement of blood cells. In this paper a new method of counting and classification of blood cell, laser light scattering method from stationary suspensions, is presented. The genetic algorithm combined with nonnegative least squared algorithm is employed to inverse the size distribution of blood cells. Numerical tests show that these techniques can be successfully applied to measuring size distribution of blood cell with high stability.     

Laser-based transfection with conjugated gold nanoparticles

The irradiation of ceils combined with the immunoconjugate of gold nanoparticles by the short pulse laser can make the plasma membrane be transiently permeabilized, which can be used to transfer exogenous molecules into the cells. We explore this technique as a novel gene transfection method for floating cells. Three different floating cells exposed to the laser are selectively transfected with fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran, antibody, and green fluorescent protein （GFP） coding plasmids, and the viability of cells are determined by propidium iodide. For fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran, the best transfection efficiency of 65% is obtained; for the antibody, it is 74%; whereas for the green fluorescent protein coding plasmids, a very small transfection efficiency is gained. If the transfection efficiency is improved, gold nanoparticles will be very useful as mediator for gene transfection in living cells.     

New algorithm and system for measuring size distribution of blood cells

In optical scattering particle sizing, a numerical transform is sought so that a particle size distribution can be determined from angular measurements of near forward scattering, which has been adopted in the measurement of blood cells. In this paper a new method of counting and classification of blood cell, laser light scattering method from stationary suspensions, is presented. The genetic algorithm combined with nonnegative least squared algorithm is employed to inverse the size distribution of blood cells. Numerical tests show that these techniques can be successfully applied to measuring size distribution of blood cell with high stability.