夹层梁低速冲击下的接触定律与结构响应

在考虑面板面内拉伸刚度等非线性因素的基础上,将夹层梁上面板视为弹塑性地基上的梁,由其平衡方程推导准静态压入接触定律. 进而研究了底面固定于刚性平面的夹层梁的低速冲击响应,验证了所推导的准静态压入接触定律在低速冲击下依然足够精确. 最后,用能量守恒模型,离散模型和连续模型分析了两端简支夹层梁的低速冲击响应以及接触持续时间.同时讨论了冲头与夹层梁质量比和初速度对结构响应以及分析模型适用性的影响. 理论分析结果与数值模拟结果比较表明:推导的接触定律是准确有效的. 给定初速度,质量比很小时,只有连续模型有效,而当质量比较大时3种模型均有效;给定质量,初速度较大时只有连续模型比较有效. 连续模型预测的接触持续时间与初速度无关.      

Symplectic analysis for elastic wave propagation in two-dimensional cellular structures

On the basis of the finite element analysis, the elastic wave propagation in cellular structures is investigated using the symplectic algorithm. The variation principle is first applied to obtain the dual variables and the wave propagation problem is then transformed into two-dimensional （2D） symplectic eigenvalue problems, where the extended Wittrick-Williams algorithm is used to ensure that no phase propagation eigenvalues are missed during computation. Three typical cellular structures, square, triangle and hexagon, are introduced to illustrate the unique feature of the symplectic algorithm in higher-frequency calculation, which is due to the conserved properties of the structure-preserving symplectic algorithm. On the basis of the dispersion relations and phase constant surface analysis, the band structure is shown to be insensitive to the material type at lower frequencies, however, much more related at higher frequencies. This paper also demonstrates how the boundary conditions adopted in the finite element modeling process and the structures＇ configurations affect the band structures. The hexagonal cells are demonstrated to be more efficient for sound insulation at higher frequencies, while the triangular cells are preferred at lower frequencies. No complete band gaps are observed for the square cells with fixed-end boundary conditions. The analysis of phase constant surfaces guides the design of 2D cellular structures where waves at certain frequencies do not propagate in specified directions. The findings from the present study will provide invaluable guidelines for the future application of cellular structures in sound insulation.     

Critical velocity of sandwich cylindrical shell under moving internal pressure

Critical velocity of an infinite long sandwich shell under moving internal pressure is studied using the sandwich shell theory and elastodynamics theory. Propagation of axisymmetric free harmonic waves in the sandwich shell is studied using the sandwich shell theory by considering compressibility and transverse shear deformation of the core, and transverse shear deformation of face sheets. Based on the elastodynamics theory, displacement components expanded by Legendre polynomials, and position-dependent elastic constants and densities are introduced into the equations of motion. Critical velocity is the minimum phase velocity on the desperation relation curve obtained by using the two methods. Numerical examples and the finite element （FE） simulations are presented. The results show that the two critical velocities agree well with each other, and two desperation relation curves agree well with each other when the wave number k is relatively small. However, two limit phase velocities approach to the shear wave velocities of the face sheet and the core respectively when k limits to infinite. The two methods are efficient in the investigation of wave propagation in a sandwich cylindrical shell when k is relatively small. The critical velocity predicted in the FE simulations agrees with theoretical prediction.     

第十一届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛个人赛命题总结

对第十一届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛个人赛命题进行了总结,介绍了理论力学和材料力学的命题思路,并提出了一些建议。     

多源激励下双层隔振浮筏系统的线谱混沌化

采用混沌化技术可以重构水下航行器的水声线谱特征,改善隐声性能.基于这一特殊应用背景,研究了多源激励下双层隔振浮筏系统的非线性时延反馈混沌化问题.在二维简化浮筏系统模型的基础上,完整地呈现了非线性时延反馈控制的线谱混沌化方法,为隔振浮筏的线谱混沌化设计提供了标准流程.仿真结果表明了该方法的可行性,探讨了多源激励条件下控制增益、时延和反馈频率等控制参数对系统混沌化效果的影响,并与单源激励进行了对比分析.     

一类准零刚度隔振器的分段非线性动力学特性研究

建立了一类带有滚轮装置的准零刚度隔振系统的分段非线性动力学模型,利用平均法对系统在基础激励下的动力学特性进行了理论分析,得到了系统主共振响应的一次近似解析解.利用数值方法对动力学方程求解,验证了平均法求解此类分段非线性动力学问题的有效性.进一步,讨论了激励幅值、阻尼对系统响应的影响,利用位移传递率评估了隔振系统的隔振性能.结果表明,激励幅值和阻尼对系统响应具有显著影响:激励幅值较小时,该准零刚度隔振系统的隔振性能明显优于相应的线性系统;而随激励幅值增大时,其隔振性能变差,但最多与线性系统相当,而不会变得更差,此特征优于传统准零刚度隔振系统.     

低频弹性波超材料的若干进展

超材料是一类新兴的具有超常物理性质的人造周期/拟周期材料, 能够改变电磁波、声波以及弹性波等在介质中的传播特性. 因在航天、国防以及民用科学等方面的巨大应用潜力, 超材料自被提出后便受到极大的关注并引发研究热潮. 弹性波超材料是超材料的一种, 能够基于弹性波与超材料结构的相互耦合作用实现对弹性波的操控. 带隙是评估弹性波超材料实现弹性波操控的重要工具, 其性质与超材料的材料参数、晶格常数以及局域振子的固有频率相关. 受制于超材料的承载能力、外观尺寸以及局域振子结构等因素, 利用传统超材料开启低频(约100 Hz)弹性波带隙依然存在较大困难. 文章首先简要介绍超材料开启弹性波带隙的基本原理, 然后从低频弹性波超材料基本结构与低频带隙实现方法、低频带隙优化与调控策略、低频带隙潜在应用等三个方面详细总结低频弹性波超材料的研究工作. 其中, 低频带隙超材料的基本结构主要包括布拉格散射型超材料、传统局域共振型超材料以及准零刚度局域共振超材料. 文章通过总结低频弹性波超材料的研究进展, 分析了目前研究中的不足并对未来低频弹性波的研究方向进行了展望.      

第十一届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛“理论设计与操作”团体赛命题和竞赛总结

对第十一届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛``理论设计与操作'团体赛的命题思路、竞赛过程进行了总结,并提出了相关的建议。     

Symplectic analysis for wave propagation in one-dimensional nonlinear periodic structures

The wave propagation problem in the nonlinear periodic mass-spring structure chain is analyzed using the symplectic mathematical method. The energy method is used to construct the dynamic equation, and the nonlinear dynamic equation is linearized using the small parameter perturbation method. Eigen-solutions of the symplectic matrix are used to analyze the wave propagation problem in nonlinear periodic lattices. Nonlinearity in the mass-spring chain, arising from the nonlinear spring stiffness effect, has profound effects on the overall transmission of the chain. The wave propagation characteristics are altered due to nonlinearity, and related to the incident wave intensity, which is a genuine nonlinear effect not present in the corresponding linear model. Numerical results show how the increase of nonlinearity or incident wave amplitude leads to closing of transmitting gaps. Comparison with the normal recursive approach shows effectiveness and superiority of the symplectic method for the wave propagation problem in nonlinear periodic structures.     

一维非线性周期结构中弹性波传播的辛数学方法

利用辛数学方法分析了质量-弹簧非线性周期结构链中弹性波的传播问题．首先利用能量方法得到频域动力方程,随后通过小量变换将非线性动力方程线性化,得到辛矩阵,进而通过求解辛矩阵的本征值问题来研究波的传播性能．质量-弹簧模型中的弹簧刚度非线性对结构链的传播特性影响很大,研究发现非线性明显改变了周期结构的传播性能,而且不同于线性结构,非线性结构的传播特性与入射波强度有关．数值算例表明随着非线性强度及入射波强度的增大,传播通带宽度逐渐减小,禁带宽度逐渐增大．当入射波强度增大到一定值时,弹性波无法在结构中进行传播．与一般递归方法的比较分析,验证了辛数学方法在非线性周期结构波传播问题中的有效性与优越性．