毒死蜱分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及结合特性的研究

采用无皂乳液聚合法制得的微米级聚苯乙烯微球为种球,以毒死蜱为模板分子,通过单步溶胀聚合法制备了单分散分子印迹聚合物微球（MIPMs）。通过紫外光谱研究了MIPMs的结合机理和识别特性;利用红外光谱分析MIPMs的结合位点;运用扫描电子显微镜对微球进行形貌分析,MIPMs的粒径分布为0.5～3 μm（UMIPMs为2～3 μm）,其表面粗糙具有一定层次孔径分布的多孔性聚合物,有利于底物和结合位点的接触,从而获得高负载量和高效识别性;Scatchard 分析表明MIPMs在识别毒死蜱过程中存在两类结合位点,计算得高亲和性位点的解离常数为 KD1 = 0.526 mmol/L,最大表观结合量Bmax1 = 35.91 μmol/ g,低亲和位点的解离常数为 KD2 = 2.19 mmol/L,最大表观结合量Bmax1 = 83.87 μmol/g。     

追忆我的博士导师李方华先生

2020,注定是不平常的一年。新年伊始,正当我们都在为疫情紧张和担忧的时候,我的博士导师,中国科学院物理研究所李方华先生,在1月24日,悄然离开了人世,享年88岁。李老师把我带进冷冻电镜领域之门,她是我科学生涯的引路人和启蒙老师。在这条路上走得越久,越发感激她对我的影响,给我指引的路。李老师早在1993年就当选为中国科学院院士,当我在1995年进入中科院物理所时.     

液晶投影仪液晶板自动汇聚系统的对焦算法分析

在建立液晶投影仪的液晶板自动聚焦合色系统基础上,对三种不同的自动对焦算法进行了理论模拟和实验分析,并选择了适合于液晶板自动对焦的算法.实验表明该算法满足汇聚系统的应用要求.     

LIF技术与PLS-DA算法联合辨识矿井涌水水源类型的研究

快速的矿井涌水水源辨识对于矿井的水灾预警及灾后救援意义重大。常规方法使用离子浓度做为判别因子,耗时过长,因此提出一种激光诱导荧光光谱(LIF)技术与偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)算法联合快速辨识矿井涌水水源类型的方法。实验使用405nm激光对被测水体进行激发,获取矿井5个不同含水层100组水样的荧光光谱,根据光谱曲线特征,对数据进行压缩处理,获取合适的光谱数据。每种水样使用15组共75组光谱数据作为建模集,剩余的25组水样的光谱数据作为测试集。为验证实验结果,设计了簇类的独立软模式(SIMCA)算法与PLS-DA算法构建的实验模型进行对比。实验发现矿井不同含水层水样的荧光光谱差异较大,在不进行任何预处理的情况下,以PLS模型为基础的PLS-DA算法较SIMCA算法的建模正确率高,达到了100%,其校正及验证结果与实际分类变量的相关系数均大于0.951,校正集均方根误差(RMSECV)和验证集均方根误差(RMSEP)均小于0.123,利用模型对测试集中五种水样样本的识别正确率均为100%。     

Molar Mass Distribution and Chain Conformation of Polysaccharides from Fortunella margarita （Lour.） Swingle

In order to study the effects of different extraction methods on the molar mass distribution and chain conformation of Fortunella margarita(Lour.) Swingle polysaccharides(FP), we used extraction by hot water(WFP), ultrasonic-assisted treatment(UFP), microwave-assisted treatment(MFP) and ultrasonic/microwave-assisted treatment(UMFP), and then Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy as well as 1H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy to characterize the structural properties of FP extracted. The molar weight(Mw), polydispersity index(Mw/Mn), root-mean-square(RMS) turning radius(Rg), molar mass distribution and chain conformation of FP were studied systematically using size-exclusion chromatography(SEC), multi-angle laser light-scattering(MALLS) and refractive index(RI). WFP, UFP, MFP and UMFP are all typical carbohydrates according to 1H NMR, 13 C NMR and FT-IR measurements. The type of glycosidic linkage is mainly a β-glycosidic bond with a small amount of α-glycosidic bond. The results obtained by the SEC-MALLS-RI system showed the molar masses of WFP and UMFP were distributed mainly in the range of 5.0×106~1.0×107 g·mol–1 and they accounted for 57.80% and 56.84% of total FP, respectively. The molar masses of UFP and MFP were distributed mainly in the 1.0×106~5.0×106 g·mol–1 range, which accounted for 38.24% and 52.39% of FP, respectively. WFP and UMFP in water were uniform spherical polymers; UFP and MFP were typical highly branched polymers and the degree of branching for MFP was higher compared to UFP. These results indicated the ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted extraction methods caused a significant decrease of the molar mass of FP but the ultrasonic/microwave synergistic extraction method had no effect.